Does Reality Shows Prevent Or Promote Teen Pregnancy

Does Reality Shows Prevent or Promote Teen Pregnancy? Reality shows that are based on teen pregnancy like 16 and Pregnant and Teen Mom sheds light about the troubles on becoming a teen parent, finishing high school and struggling to buy the baby’s need and wants. Lately, these shows are stirring a debate if they are trying to support or avoid teen pregnancy. And this topic is important to the public, because it relates to the young community’s future. Young girls and boys can watch these shows and have different outlooks about having a child. Sometimes, glamorizing teen pregnancy on television might confuse the young community, because they can be fickle at times. They might think it is acceptable to be pregnant so young and others will consider waiting until marriage. Reality shows can either encourage or discourage teen pregnancy based on the individual’s mentality. Firstly, young girls who watch the shows might want to be pregnant in order to be famous. In her Opposing Viewpoints article, Kroll said, â€Å"This created a media frenzy. These girls became celebrities in what seemed to be overnight†. Some girls might have a gullible misconception about the teen parents on the shows. They do not know that they have to handle the hardships on taking care of a child along with having the â€Å"fame and fortune† lifestyle. Additionally, young girls might think it is alright to be treated unfairly because it is being televised. The cameras are capturing moments that contains domesticShow MoreRelatedTeenage Pregnancy And Teen Pregnancy871 Words   |  4 Pagesdo TV shows like â€Å"16 and Pregnant† and â€Å"Teen Mom† promote or discourage teenage pregnancy, most of us will readily agree that it in fact does promote teenage pregnancy. Where this agreement usually ends, however, is on the question of how does this promote tee nage pregnancy. Whereas some are convinced that it promotes teenage pregnancy through the fame some of the young couples have achieved, others maintain that it in fact discourages teenage pregnancy by showing the struggles and realities of havingRead MoreTeen Pregnancy And Teenage Pregnancy Essay1682 Words   |  7 PagesWhen it comes to the topic of TV shows like â€Å"16 and Pregnant† promote or discourage teenage pregnancy, most of us will readily agree that it prevents teen pregnancy, Where this agreement usually ends, however, is on the question of has teen pregnancy decrease over the years while airing pregnancy shows. Whereas some are convinced that teen pregnancy has declined nationale because of the program, others maintain that teen pregnancy has increased since the reality show started to air. I disagree withRead MoreTeenage Pregnancy and the Media Essay1531 Words   |  7 PagesThere is a great debate on whether or not mass media has an influence on teenage pr egnancy. A study done by the RAND Corporation shows that teens are twice as likely to have sex or engage in sexual acts if they see similar sexual behavior in the media. Many objects in the media that involve sex target teens. Reality TV shows and teen dramas often portray the cool kids as the ones who are having sex (Chandra).Today’s teens are highly influenced by what they see in the media and this can change theirRead MoreArgumentative Essay1417 Words   |  6 PagesVictoria Okafor Dr. Stainbrook English 111-121 02 December 2015 Do TV Shows Like 16 and Pregnant Promote or Discourage Teenage Pregnancy? Teenage pregnancy has become a major issue in today’s society for our adolescents. This is a major problem for all who are involved. It creates hurt and a struggle for on the parents, especially for the mother (Gonchar and Schulten). Also for the parent(s) of the teenager this creates struggles for them because more often than not, they end up with the loadRead MoreIs Sexual Education A Good Or Bad Idea?929 Words   |  4 PagesA teen girl walks from her bathroom with a gloomy look in her eyes. Her pregnancy test is positive. In today’s society sexual education is being taught less and teens are learning more about sexual intercourse from television instead of learning it from their parents and their schools. To prevent teen pregnancy parents should promote sexual education, contraception, and rely less on television teaching sex education. We cannot stop children from gaining their hormones but we can teach them how toRead More Sex Education Essay1112 Words   |  5 Pagesthinking they were suffering from severe stomach pain or even appendicitis†¦both girls were actually in labor (Abstinence, 2002). The United States has the highest teen pregnancy, birth, and abortion rates in the Western world (Planned Parenthood, 2003). Are teens getting enough knowledge on sex and how to prevent STDs and unwanted pregnancies? Another heartbreaking statistic is that teenagers have the highest rate of STDs of any age group, with one in four young people contracting an STD by the ageRead MoreLet s Talk About Sex1410 Words   |  6 Pageslittle to know valuable substance is dangerous to their health and can have many negative consequences in the long run. Not only will these decisions impact the student as an individual but the individuals of America as well. Even though number of teen pregnancies have decreased, the rate of sexually transmitted diseases are increasing significantly in young adults, therefore the federal government needs to mandate that adequate sexual education is implemented in schools. It is a two-way street when itRead MoreSex Education Are Essential For Teens1479 Words   |  6 PagesSex Education is a controversial but extremely important topic. Yet, we are doing very little to address it. Teaching sex education in schools are essential for teens to help build a strong foundation of sexual health. Although sex education must begin at home, some parents feel uncomfortable talking about the topic with their children and they believe teaching their children about sex can end up encouraging them to engage in sexual intercourse. Due to that, parents and schools try to emphasize theRead MoreTEEN PREGNANCY PREVENTION Essay1918 Words   |  8 PagesTeen pregnancy has become an epidemic in the United States alone. The United States has the highest rate of teen pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the industrialized world. Each year, one out of three teenage girls becomes pregnant. Although teen pregnancy rates have dropped from 61.8 births per 1,000 in 1991 to 41.7 births per 1,000 in 2003, pregnancy rates in the U.S. still are declining at slower rates than those in other developed nations (Block et al., 2005. para,Read MoreEssay about Protect the Future1398 Words   |  6 PagesEveryone is doing it! Assumptions, like this one, may prompt sexual activities among many teens. The amount of teenagers involved in sexual activity has drastically increased over the last several decades. Especially during the course of high school due to the outrageous status que with having sex. Due to such high numbers of sexually active teens, the distribution of condoms in high school could be implemented in every school district across the United States. Many individuals believe in using p rotection

Student Survival Guide for Distance Learning Education

Student Survival Guide for Distance Learning Education By Paul C. Torr Jr. Axia College of the University of Phoenix Gen 105 Final Project Introduction Learning can be a difficult task to anyone who wants to expand his or her knowledge. With the help of online schools, learning has stepped into a new environment that is growing rapidly. Secondary education is now possible for students who want to complete his or her degree online. This might not necessarily be the ideal education for some students but it is perfect for others. A student in an online school must learn to use his educational skills and tools to ensure that he or she receives the maximum benefits of college online. This Student Survival Guide will help all online†¦show more content†¦These resources include The University Library, The Center for Writing Excellence, and online books that are associated with each class. The University Library is one of the most important resources that are available to the students. This library has numerous search engines, databases, and multiple help features that make researching easy. The Center for Writing Excellence is al so a valuable tool that ensures any student’s essays or papers integrity. There are two vital tools in The Center for Writing Excellence. One is the Plagiarism Checker and the other is the Writepoint. The Plagiarism Checker looks for similarities between previously written papers compared to any student’s paper that is submitted. This checker will detect plagiarism. The Writepoint is also a very important tool that helps any student find flaws in any paper that is submitted. These flaws could be anything from run-on sentences to improper use of punctuation. In addition to these exceptional tools are the online books that accompany each class. The online books are a very helpful and easy to access. They can be downloaded on any portable device or printed out for the student’s convenience. Proper use of these resources and tools will help make certain that any student has a chance of receiving a good grade. Fostering Reading Comprehension and Retention Many people read papers and essays without fully grasping what the article was intended to relay. Some peopleShow MoreRelatedEssay about Axia College Survival Guide1316 Words   |  6 PagesContinuing your education can be a difficult journey when a person decides to explore opportunities by furthering their education. Attending traditional classes or distance education classes provides stability and growth, which furthers individual qualities in our society. Students attending college should have access to all necessary tools, guidelines and materials to achieve the best education. The purpose of this paper is to provide college student with a Survival Guide while attending AxiaRead MoreProtecting Our Schools from More School Shootings888 Words   |  4 Pagesothers -- acquisitions of weapons, or fascination with previous shootings, for instance -- as potential tip-offs (Zubrzycki, Jaclyn, and Nirvi Shah). But what happens when the shooting rampage has begun? The guide releasd b y President Barack Obama, instructs people to learn the best steps for survival if a situation does erupt; and work with law enforcement during the response to help save your life or the person(s) you are helping (Zubrzycki, Jaclyn, and Nirvi Shah). The training and recommendationsRead MoreEssay on Technology in the Classroom: Elluminate Live1681 Words   |  7 Pagesfor online learning. In utilizing synchronous learning, the student will feel less isolated and more motivated to participate. There will be contact with both the facilitator and other students. Elluminate Live is used in real-time and functions within a collaborative environment supported through demonstration. Participants have access to many features for example, audio/video conferencing, file transfer, whiteboard, and shared browsing to name a few. (Chatterton P, 2011) Students will haveRead MoreCompetitiveness And Its Effect On Our Lives1261 Words   |  6 Pagesvery existence, our survival in this world. The world’s motivation to do the best we can and to accomplish what no other has is stimulated by competitiveness. Our relationship with our family, friends, neighbors, community, and the planet is what inspires us to push ourselves to our culminating limits. Many would witness contention amongst children as a detrimental aspect of behavior, while in reality competition is what allows us to excel beyond our accomplishments. Students can set goals for themselvesRead MoreInformation Literacy And An Age Of Information Overload1798 Words   |  8 Pageselement in lifelong learning. Information literacy has become prevalent in higher education today. More and more it has become an integral of the curriculum in both the traditional classroom and in the online classroom. Providing information literacy instructions and support to meet online di stant learners’ needs can be challenging. How can faculty and librarians determine the information literacy needs of online graduate education students? Most graduate student distance learners are often workingRead MoreTheories of Teaching and Learning Essay1791 Words   |  8 Pagesis necessary to achieve a positive learning environment in their classroom. This may mean taking a little part of one theory and combining in with another part of a different theory, there is no singular theory or theorist that encompasses everything that is required in a modern classroom. Some of the most important theories of learning are motivation, constructivism and behaviourism. Teachers choose their teaching style and strategy to complement their students, to arrive at their own personal versionRead MoreSkill Acquisition Is A Important For Every Individual2673 Words   |  11 Pagesorganizations have to work on building the skill acquisition of abilities of their employees is due to the lack of the abilities to impart skills on their students. Many institutions in the world give their students the knowledge they need to major in different fields they major in when they are studying. However, in many cases these students do not have the skills to execute their duties competently. The youths graduate from the university with the skills that most of the organizations require fromRead MoreEssay about Education: The Idea of A University1783 Words   |  8 PagesEducation: The Idea of A University It is true that every human being should have the right to a formal education. A great majority of parents send their children off to Kindergarten (or preschool if they should be so fortunate) in the hopes that someday they will watch their child receive his or her high school diploma. And the dream continues in the form of college. And who are these people who are privileged enough to receive such an honor. Just that...the privileged and the honored. TheRead MoreEvolution of Learning Theory3438 Words   |  14 PagesThe Evolution of Accepted Learning Theories Micheal Irwin Professor Harrop College 100 31 July 2010 Education has traditionally been seen as a pedagogic relationship between the teacher and the learner. It was always the teacher who decided what the learner needed to know, and indeed, how the knowledge and skills should be taught. In the past thirty years or so there has been quite a revolution in education through research into how people learn, and resulting from that, further work on howRead MoreDoing Business in Japan3017 Words   |  13 Pages............................................................................................................13 Accommodations...................................................................................................13 Adaptation and Survival........................................................................................13 Heath Emergencies............................................................................................13 Cultural Comparison...................

Nation Power and Difference for Ethics Subjectivity and Truth

Question: Write about theNation Power and Difference for Ethics Subjectivity and Truth. Answer: Question 1:What does it mean to think about nations as Imagined communities? (Anderson, Bennett, Williams) The idea or the concept of imagined communities was coined by Benedict Anderson. The advocate of this idea suggests that the nation is held together as a single community. It means that any nation can be considered as a socially constructed community that is imagined by the people who consider themselves as part of a single group. The sharing of ideas among the people is something that makes them a single community. It is important to mention that the idea of imagined communities could also exist beyond the nations (Anderson, 2006). Media can also refer to an imagined community that is based on the sharing of similar beliefs and attitudes. The imagined communities could also be created based on the lines of similar vernacular, language, etc. The media can also create the imagined communities on the lines of similar images. The concept of imagined communities are often discussed with the concepts of nationalism. Anderson defined that nation is a political imagined community where the citizens have something common that constitutes society. It is important that the citizens of the country should also contribute towards the development of society (Jessop, 2013). It would ensure that the nation could act as a single entity. It is also important that all the citizens in the society should have a single view of the society. Question 2: It is possible to think about the concept of nation without understanding and critiquing dominant discourses of race/class/gender/sexuality? (Griffin, Ken, hooks) It would be correct to say that the concept of nation is a powerful concept that spans across various discourses like class, gender, race, sexuality, etc. The nation is a collective thing that is made up of number of intangible things. It would be correct to say that it is absolutely important to understand the dominant discourses of class, gender, race, and sexuality to get a complete and holistic understanding of nation. Without knowing the intricacies of race, gender, class, etc., it may not be possible to learn about the concept of nation. In fact, the concept of nation would be narrow in nature if the intricacies were not discussed. For any individual or organization, it is important to first understand these intricacies and then only make any attempt to define the concept of nation. It is expected that different people can have different line of thoughts to define the nation as a one unit. However, the powerful definition of nation would be the one that covers the dominant disc ourses of race/class/gender/sexuality. In fact, the differences in the individuality of people are something that defines a powerful nation. Therefore, it would be correct to say that it may not be possible or practice to think about the concept of nation without understanding and critiquing dominant discourses of race/class/gender/sexuality and it is recommended that individuals or organizations must think of various small intricacies before defining the nation. Question 3: What does slavery have to do with the formation of nations and identity and difference (Hall) Stuart Hall has made significant contribution to literature by his viewpoints around race, gender and the nation and the viewpoint of slavery. Hall argued that slavery is one thing that has impacted the culture of different nations. In some form or the other, slavery has been crucial for almost all the nations in the world. It would be correct to say that slavery had an important role to play in the formation of nations (Prendergast, 2003). The basic or the fundamental grouping happened between the people due to slavery. In fact, slavery created a divide among the people and people were grouped into different class based on this divide. With slavery, the concepts of lower class people, middle class people and upper class people got appreciation and as a result the nations were defined on the line of race, render, classes, etc. As a conclusion, it would be correct to say that slavery acted as an indirect force that played a critical role in the formulation of nations. Question 4: Foucaults work on power brings together different elements of power with an emphasis on relations of power. Give an example of Foucauldian analysis of power relations (St Pierre) Foucault is the one who advocated that power is everywhere. Foucault challenges the idea that power is wielded by people or groups by way of episodic or sovereign acts of domination or coercion, seeing it instead as dispersed and pervasive. An example of Foucauldian analysis of power relations would be the power exhibited by a group of people who come together for a common cause (St. Pierre, 2000). It is possible that this power does not comes to them due to any legal law or guideline but they are able to exercise the power only because they are united and act as a single group. Foucault also advocated that people should not have negative connotations about power (Foucault Faubion, 2000. There are times, when people think and relate power to negative energy. However, power can have positive connotations also and power can be used to express positivity also. His analysis of power relations suggests that people should not be fearful of power (Foucault Faubion, 2000). In fact, power c an also be used to create a positive environment in the society. It is important that people should be able to see the bigger picture around the use of power in the society. References Anderson, B. (2006).Imagined communities: Reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism. Verso Books. Foucault, M., Faubion, J. D. (2000). Ethics Subjectivity and Truth; the Essential Works of Michael Foucault, 1954-1984. Prendergast, C. (2003). Nation/Natio: Raymond Williams and The Culture of Nations.Intermdialits: Histoire et thorie des arts, des lettres et des techniques/Intermediality: History and Theory of the Arts, Literature and Technologies, (1), 123-138. Jessop, B. (2013). Putting neoliberalism in its time and place: a response to the debate.Social Anthropology,21(1), 65-74. St. Pierre, E. A. (2000). Poststructural feminism in education: An overview.International journal of qualitative studies in education,13(5), 477-515.

K.I.D.S. by Mac Miller free essay sample

What comes to mind when you think of the word kids? Images of children 3-9 years of age may run through your head, but in the last couple of months this term has become more than its simple definition. In the past year, the noun kids turned into an acronym that originated on the mixtape (a collection of songs recorded in a specific order) that officially put Mac Miller, new hip-hop sensation, into the spotlight. K.I.D.S., or Kicking Incredibly Dope S**t, was the first CD Mac Miller, 19, released through Rostrum Records. Combine simple yet pleasant-on-the-ear beats and personal, feel-good lyrics and you have the basis of the album thats been growing more and more popular since it first debuted in August of 2010. Although many people criticize Miller for rapping solely about drugs, the new rappers music extends way beyond smoking. K.I.D.S. is a mixtape made by a kid for kids. We will write a custom essay sample on K.I.D.S. by Mac Miller or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Each one of the sixteen tracks encompasses the power that the younger generation beholds, yet also defines what it means to be a child and what it means to be free. The lyrics, although powerful, simply encapsulate the life of an everyday teenager and Millers rise to the top from scratch. The overall message is basically to embrace childhood: all the mistakes, memories, and lessons, as well as to keep your thumb in the air because everything is going to be alright. The first song on the mixtape, K.I.D.S., is the perfect introduction to the CD. It introduces Mac Miller and gives you a sneak peek into his life, from his teenage years to his new fame. Its one of the more quiet songs on the record, with beats in the background that dont take anything away from the lyrical composition, but instead highlight them and give Millers words more emotion. This song in particular stands out to me because of the little snippets of dialogue in the beginning and end that perfectly convey the overall theme of the mixtape. K.I.D.S. can be compared to other songs on the mixtape, such as Kool-Aid and Frozen Pizza, (one of Mac Millers most popular tracks) All I Want is You, and Poppy. These are the more relaxed songs on the track, with easy-going music and subtly serious lyrics. When you pop your headphones in your ears and press play, youll want to sit down for a while and simply think, while a smile plays at the corner of your lips. On the other hand, Nikes on My Feet, Senior Skip Day, and Knock Knock, make up another half of the mixtape with up-beat music that makes you want to get on your feet and dance. The songs are all about kicking back and doing what you like t do with no worries or cares, simply because youre young. So where does Mac Miller get the inspiration for his music? From Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Mac Miller found influences not only from the already famous artists out there, but also from his home town. In an interview with Good Fella Media, he states, Pittsburgh has spitters man everyones waiting to shine These aspiring rappers and influences include Boaz and the 58s. Other great rappers that have influenced Millers music are some names you might hear regularly today, such as Wiz Khalifa, another Pittsburgh rapper. In addition, Mac Miller adopted the beats and chorus of Fireflies by Owl City, a quadruple-platinum hit single from 2010. Overall, Mac Miller has hit the music industry with potential and has proven to be an incredibly talented rapper, taking the hip-hop fan-base with a storm. He has been an inspiration for many teenagers, including myself, and continues to make the laid-back music we fell in love with with the release of K.I.D.S. Gaining the title of the new Eminem, Mac Miller could rightfully be called a role model for his fans, showing them the perks in being the youth of our nation. So put a thumb in the air and your headphones in your ears and join the rest of the kids Kicking Incredibly Dope S**t.

Cyclones essays

Cyclones essays Natural disasters can happen at whichever time and at any place. Cyclones happen rarely in the southern hemisphere but when it happens it can kill thousands of people and demolish lots of buildings and properties. Cyclones are fierce whirling winds that can cause a lot of destruction. A cyclone can be so huge that it can cover over half of the United States. It can happen in the time of a few seconds to possibly 1 to 10minutes. A special extreme kind of cyclone that is only 300 yards (274 meters) across is a tornado. All cyclones have an eye. The eye is the center of the cyclone and is the only calm spot. The cyclones winds always spiral towards the eye, counterclockwise or anticlockwise. Cyclones move at speed between 240 to 1, 200 miles per hour or 386 to 1, 930 kilometers a day. Cyclone Tracy was the worst disaster that ever occurred in the Northern territory. On the 24th December 1974 disaster struck. Cyclone Tracy struck unexpectedly on Christmas Eve. It killed 65 people altogether, 49 died from being squashed by objects flying about and another 16 people were drowned at sea while trying to get away. Cyclone Tracy caused over 150 million dollars worth of damage and up to 90% of the town was destroyed. The wind speed was 217km/h. 25000 people were evacuated, as there was a hazard of diseases because the sewage pipes were broken. seven out of ten houses were destroyed or brutally damaged. After Cyclone Tracy had passed people helped to rebuild their town. That is why people still remember the terrors of that Christmas Eve. ...

The Only Person You Have to Please is You

The Only Person You Have to Please is You Yeah, thats hard for us to swallow sometimes. We write to be read. Eager to please, were like kids asking what are the rules so we can play the game well enough to win. We want people on the sidelines to root for us and tell us how well we did. We want the prize. Along the way, when times are rough, we remind ourselves that we are our best and worst critic. We might even say we only have to please ourselves, but we dont mean it. We get sad. Sometimes we cry. A few get mad and bash the publishing world as an evil, heartless machine that gobbles up the good and spits on the rest, stomping out the soul of art. But in the end, when were alone in our room staring at a screen that wont produce the right words, we have to face the fact we write for ourselves first, foremost, and last. Without our own love infused into our stories, they read dry. And to give love to something means to sacrifice and take risks. Remember, love can be unrequited. Many things we do in our lives we do for self-pleasure. While its a joy to be complimented for our efforts, the bottom line is we shouldnt perform without enjoying the experience of the performance. When you do, you shortchange the audience. Write a story that makes you smile, cry, or feel proud. Be truthful with yourself when trying to make it your best. Be thrilled when others enjoy the experience you worked so hard to produce, but try not to measure your success on the judgment of others. While its tempting to beg for the judgment, and shoved in our faces that success comes in terms of sales to others, nothing we do gets off the ground written in a vacuum with only an Amazon ranking representing the goal. Its like finding a friend. Not everyone likes you, and you dont like everyone. Only certain people connect with who you are. You have to be the best you to be the best for someone else. Without pleasing yourself first, you lose all hope of pleasing others. Have fun writing.

Theories of Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Theories of Development - Essay Example Jacques Derrida can be considered as the most influential person in relation to poststructuralist theory. The poststructuralist theory revolves around the concept of decentralization of language (Crain, 2005). According to poststructuralist theory, language has no center. It is without any center. Saussure looked at language as a structure but Derrida emphasized that all structures are required to have centers while language has no center. Derrida claims that there is no present moment (Crain, 2005). As soon as we talk about a present moment or think about it, it is already past. Poststructuralist can be related to deconstruction that considers that there is no fixed meaning (Escobar, 1995). Language is considered in the same frame. There is no central meaning for any word in language (Crain, 2005). According to Derrida, language is a free play of meaning (Crain, 2005). Poststructuralist theory challenges the existence of each and every thing in the world whether living or nonliving (Escobar, 1995). After analyzing the points discussed in poststructuralist theory, the theory seems most compelling as all the aspects raised in the theory are persuasive and influential. Not only one critic but many critics and theorists are involved in the evaluation of poststructuralist theory. Postcolonial and postmodern theories are also persuasive but as compared to poststructuralist theory, they appear somehow weak. Post-colonial theorists are unable to regard themselves as fully post-colonial (Escobar, 1995). According to them, they are still under the control of colonial powers. Postcolonial theorists regard nationality, language and regionalism as most important aspects that an individual should have (Crain, 2005). Like poststructuralist theory, postmodern theory is also a response to modern theory. This also deals with a set of perspectives related to society,

The Privacy on a Workplace Legal Aspects Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Privacy on a Workplace Legal Aspects - Essay Example Discipline is a touchy subject when it comes to examination under the light of legal liability. The biggest reason for this is that many actions that a Human Resources department might take could be construed as retaliatory or discriminatory in nature; even if this was not the intent. As such, the process of discipline should be clearly aligned in such a way as to obviously work to give the employee an opportunity for growth and realization of the negative aspect or trait that led him/her to be disciplined. A good rule of thumb is to allow a silver-lining to every form of discipline so that if the issue ever came up in a court of law the employer could reasonably show the court that they have provided both a form of punishment for said action as well as providing a way that the employee could maximize their overall benefit in the given situation; thereby providing him her with an incentive to perform in a better/more appropriate way in the future.With regards to pre-employment testin g, this provides a backbone of the employment process as it currently exists within the United States. It is a tool for employers to gauge the level of aptitude that potential hires can necessarily bring to specific jobs and skill sets. Although appropriate to determine ability, the pre-employment test loses all of its appropriateness when it is used to discriminate based on a variety of illegal factors. These include but are not limited to factors that relate to the race, age, gender, sexual orientation.

Recession in American economy Essay Example for Free

Recession in American economy Essay The economic meaning of the term recession is, â€Å"A period of economic decline in a Country, characterized by reduced trade and industrial activity, production decline and increased levels of unemployment. It normally lasts between one and two quarters consecutively†, (Tremblay; 2007). In the US, incidences of recession have occurred since 1854. This paper, seeks address the reasons for recession in the US, with reference to the principles of consumer behavior and the firm as a whole. Observers were not expecting an incidence of recession this time round. Most observers have been persuaded to expect moderate economic growth rates in the US, of about 2 to 3 percent and a moderate inflation of around 2 percent (George. S, 2008). This is due to the fact that the US economy has proved to be the most resilient in the world. They however (the observers), have good reasons to back their predictions; 1. They have placed their hopes on relatively stimulative monetary policy to keep consumption and investment spending up and expect the worst of the housing decline to be over. 2. With stock prices making new highs, some point out that presidential and stock market cycles are favorable to higher stock prices since investing during 27 months before a US presidential election has proved in the past to be more Profitable than investing during 21 months after elections. In the October 16th issue of Headwinds, 2007 for the US economy, it is explained that macro-economic conditions make it a matter of months before the US economy and the dollar begun to experience some downward pressure (recession). This is probably the time for this recession. The US is the country with the highest gross domestic product (GDP) in the world, with a GDP of $13 trillion . This has however reduced in the recent past. Employment levels have also declined. Production levels have gone down owing to cut-throat competition from emerging world producers like China and other Asian Countries. An attempt by the households to save more from a given income led to the decrease in actual amount they succeeded to save-paradox of thrift, (Lachman, 2008). Different reasons can however be put forward to explain the causes of this recession; 1) The outgoing administration’s short term reaction that they gave the economy before the 2004 and 2006 elections through a combination of large tax cuts and large increase in military spending. This ended up being a waste as billions of dollars were spent on a futile war (Trembley, 2007) 2) Record budgetary and current account deficits have severely neutralized the federal monetary policy attitude, because interest rates cannot be reduced substantially for fear of a collapse of the US dollar from the federal budgetary deficits as they are being reigned on. (Lachman, 2008) 3) With all this taking place at the same time that the construction industry is in disarray and housing prices have tapered off or are declining. Be that as it may, it is important to note that home ownership is more widespread than stock ownership; slightly more than two thirds of Americans own their homes, while less than half own equities. The objective of the households is to maximize utility. By spending more on home ownership than on stocks, utility is attained quickly and it is within the consumers budget space (Ingdahl, 2008). 4) This rules the question of how long the American consumer will keep up the high pace of spending in such a context. During the years of the housing boom, consumer spending was driven by the accumulation of wealth and record consumer indebtedness, most of it in the form of mortgages as the price of houses increased. Now that the reverse is occurring and banks and other loaners are reclaiming property for unpaid debts, a retrenchment in consumer spending cannot be ruled out (Trembley, 2007). 5) Protectionist push from the Democrat controlled congress, risks putting in jeopardy the flow of capital of about $2 billion a day that the US economy is borrowing from abroad (mainly from China and Japan). Trade frictions between the US and China could force banks to raise interest rates and not lower them. In any case, the banks would not lower the interest rates as expected to make up for the housing crisis (Trembley, 2007). 6) Collapse of one and possibly several major financial institutions under the pressure of bad loans and record foreclosures (take possession of somebody’s property usually because they have not paid back an agreed part of the loan). Particularly at risk is the sum $2. 5 trillion mountain debt concentrated in sub primes and loans. One major sub prime lender, (New Century Financial) filed for bankruptcy protection. Others are likely to follow suite because 2007 was the year when a large number of sub prime real estate locus had to be renegotiated at higher interest rates. Foreclosures rate is bound to shoot upwards. This will culminate in the next few years into a financial hurricane (Trembley, 2007). 7) The seventh and final reason is a geopolitical factor. The outgoing US administration has created some tension between the US and some countries in the Middle East. The Middle East, is the world’s largest oil producing region. In the coming years, the world economy will have to adjust to a peak in oil production and higher prices after the current lull. Geoplitical mistakes made by the outgoing administration have turned the richest oil producing region into a hot war zone making the US economic situation disastrous (Lachman,2008). The above listed reasons shed some light on why the US economy could be undergoing some kind of recession. They however do not provide a conclusive explanation or reasons as to why the American economy could be in recession. Unlike other forecasts, one can only tell when recession started and ended after it has ended. The determination of recession is left to the National Bureau of Research (Campbell. R. M Stanley. L. B, 2005). However, it is possible to tell whether or not the economy is in recession by looking at past cases of recession. The great depression was the worst economic slump ever in the U. S history. It began in 1929 and lasted for close to a decade. Just like a recession, many factors led to the great depression; however, the main cause for the great depression was a combination of the greatly unequal distribution of wealth throughout the 1920’s and the extensive stock market speculation that took place during the latter part of the same decade. Money was distributed disparately between the rich and the middle-class, between industry and agriculture within the United States, and between the U. S and Europe. This imbalance of wealth created an unstable economy. The excessive speculation in the late 1920’s kept the stock market artificially high, but eventually lead to large market crashes, (Gusmorino, 1996). Almost eighty years later, the U. S might be facing the same situation though not as severe as it was then. Wealth disparities are all over the world today. Although the worst cases are not experienced in America, cases of unequal distribution of wealth are still in America. As mentioned earlier, the American household does not invest much on stocks but in acquisition of homes. Speculations in the stock market are relatively high though not as high as it was then. It is not easy to conclude that the American economy is in recession. Whether or not there is a recession, depends on both on actual economic activity and economic analysis in the future. The facts as they are right now, show that the American economy is in recession. REFERENCES. Campbell, R. M. Stanley, L. B. (2005). Economics: Principles, Problems, and Policies. New York: McGraw-Hill Professional. Gusmorino, P. A. (1996). Main causes of the Great Depression. Washington: Planet Press George, S. (2008). The New Paradigm for Financial Markets: The Credit Crisis of 2008 and What It Means. Chicago: Public Affairs. Furchgott, D. (2007). The Great Recession of 2008. New York: An over view of the US economy, (22) 9:31-35 Ingdahl, W. (2008). Global Financial Markets Want an Immediate, Bold, and Coordinated Policy Response. New York: London Press Lachman, D. (2008). What can global policymakers learn from the Swedish financial crisis of the early 1990s? Washington: US economic crisis, (31) 11:67-90. Trembley, R. (2007). A Slowdown or a Recession in the U. S. in 2008? Carlifonia: Global financial crisis, (14)6:101-143.

Cherokee Phoenix Essay -- American History Journalism

Cherokee Phoenix In the early nineteenth century during the presidency of Andrew Jackson and the debate of the Indian Removal Bill came one of the most important accomplishments of the Cherokee Nation, their own newspaper written in their own language. This experiment in Indian journalism began on February 21, 1828 in the Cherokee capital of New Echota. The paper employed a minimum staff of three to four people throughout its duration, often dismissing and rehiring printers. However, the most noteworthy of these were the people who first employed by the paper: journeyman printer John F. Wheeler, printer Isaac Harris, and editor Elias Boudinot. These men helped to further Cherokee nationalism by using a simple syllabery script, developed by a mixed blood Cherokee named Sequayah, that allowed the Cherokee language to be written. The Phoenix was not only printed in Cherokee but also in English, for the non-Cherokee reading Indians as well as white subscribers who lived in Boston, New York, Richmond, Charleston, Nashville, Mobile, and Augusta. However, subscribers did not just receive an example of written Cherokee in this first installment, they were also provided with a list of what the Phoenix reader could expect from all the future issues. 1. The laws and public documents of the Nation. 2. Account of the manners and customs of the Cherokees, and their progress in Education, Religion and the arts of civilized life; with such notices of other Indian tribes as our limited means of information will allow. 3. The principal interesting news of the day. 4. Miscellaneous articles calculated to promote Literature, Civilization, and Religion among the Cherokees. .. ...to cede tribal territory in exchange for $5,700,00 and land in Indian Territory, and later several of that group were assassinated. In August of that same year Stand Watie of the Georgia Guard confiscated the Phoenix’s abandoned printing press, while federal troops began to forcibly evicting the Cherokees. Approximately one thousand escaped to the North Carolina mountains, purchased land and were incorporated into that state. The Phoenix became a principal voice for the nation, and met its goals by documenting their constitution, laws, and ongoing experiments in Jacksonian democracy. The paper was a religious journal that helped to convert Cherokees and inspire new religious thinking. The Cherokee Phoenix was also a proud voice for the cultural advancement and developing of the Cherokee people, sadly Phoenix was not a strong enough voice against removal. Cherokee Phoenix Essay -- American History Journalism Cherokee Phoenix In the early nineteenth century during the presidency of Andrew Jackson and the debate of the Indian Removal Bill came one of the most important accomplishments of the Cherokee Nation, their own newspaper written in their own language. This experiment in Indian journalism began on February 21, 1828 in the Cherokee capital of New Echota. The paper employed a minimum staff of three to four people throughout its duration, often dismissing and rehiring printers. However, the most noteworthy of these were the people who first employed by the paper: journeyman printer John F. Wheeler, printer Isaac Harris, and editor Elias Boudinot. These men helped to further Cherokee nationalism by using a simple syllabery script, developed by a mixed blood Cherokee named Sequayah, that allowed the Cherokee language to be written. The Phoenix was not only printed in Cherokee but also in English, for the non-Cherokee reading Indians as well as white subscribers who lived in Boston, New York, Richmond, Charleston, Nashville, Mobile, and Augusta. However, subscribers did not just receive an example of written Cherokee in this first installment, they were also provided with a list of what the Phoenix reader could expect from all the future issues. 1. The laws and public documents of the Nation. 2. Account of the manners and customs of the Cherokees, and their progress in Education, Religion and the arts of civilized life; with such notices of other Indian tribes as our limited means of information will allow. 3. The principal interesting news of the day. 4. Miscellaneous articles calculated to promote Literature, Civilization, and Religion among the Cherokees. .. ...to cede tribal territory in exchange for $5,700,00 and land in Indian Territory, and later several of that group were assassinated. In August of that same year Stand Watie of the Georgia Guard confiscated the Phoenix’s abandoned printing press, while federal troops began to forcibly evicting the Cherokees. Approximately one thousand escaped to the North Carolina mountains, purchased land and were incorporated into that state. The Phoenix became a principal voice for the nation, and met its goals by documenting their constitution, laws, and ongoing experiments in Jacksonian democracy. The paper was a religious journal that helped to convert Cherokees and inspire new religious thinking. The Cherokee Phoenix was also a proud voice for the cultural advancement and developing of the Cherokee people, sadly Phoenix was not a strong enough voice against removal.

A Wilderness Station Essay

In â€Å"A Wilderness Station† the character of Annie Herron is presented through a series of letters and memoirs. These documents tell us some of the events surrounding the death of her husband, Simon. These letters and memoirs are written by different people in Annie’s life, such as George Herron (Simon’s brother), Reverend McBain, James Mullen, Christena Mullen and by Annie herself. In a memoir published in the Carstairs Argus newspaper Fiftieth Anniversary Edition, George Herron wrote his version of the circumstances of his arrival to Carstairs and he also gives his version surrounding the accidental death of his brother. Annie, on the other hand, gives conflicting stories of the day her husband died. She tells two different versions of what occurred on the day her husband died. She tells Mr. Mullen that she killed her husband when she first arrives at the Gaol and then tells her friend Sadie Johnstone in a letter that her brother-in-law killed Simon. Given t hese conflicting stories we are unable to determine what really happened to Simon Herron. In George’s memoir we get the impression that George didn’t really want to go to Carstairs with Simon. After the death of their parents, George went to live with a schoolteacher and his wife where he had a very happy home. Simon, was not so lucky, he lived with his mother’s cousin Archie Frame and was never sent to school. Simons upbringing was not as comfortable as George’s, so when he was nineteen, he and George left Halton and went towards Huron and Bruce to find their fortune. Soon after the leave Halton, Simon marries Annie and a few months later he is killed in what seems like an accident. According to George, in April of 1852, he and his brother were chopping down trees on the far corner of their property when a branch mysteriously falls and his Simon on the back of the head, killing him instantly. George then drags his brother’s body towards the house. Since there was a really bad storm passing, he and Annie are unable to call the Reverend to give Simon proper funeral, the pair bury him near the house. Soon after, George leaves the shanty and he eventually marries his neighbor’s daughter, Jenny Treece. Five months later Annie leaves the shanty and heads towards Walley Gaol. In a letter responding to Reverend McBain’s initial letter, James Mullen reports  to him that Annie Herron had indeed arrived at the Gaol. He writes that her story â€Å"all accords pretty well with what you told me. Events in her account begin to differ only with her husband’s death†(200). In her first version, she claims that she â€Å"picked up a rock and threw it at him (Simon), hitting him on the head†(200) ultimately killing him. When Mr. Mullen disputed her story she changed it, saying that she did not throw a rock but picked up a large rock smashing it down on his head. Mr. Mullen decided to admit her to the Gaol pending her getting charged with insanity. After trying to write to her friend Sadie Johnstone several times, Annie sews a final letter in a curtain, posted to find Sadie in Toronto. In this letter Annie gives a different account of the death of her husband. Again the story is similar to that of George’s except for the way Simon is killed. According to Annie, she says that George told her the story of the branch falling and hitting Simon, but notices when she is cleaning his body â€Å"where the axe had cut†(209). She goes on to tell her about how they buried him and about the dreams she had of Simon or George chasing her with an axe. The facts in the story are distorted several times and we are not really sure how Simon is killed. It is difficult to believe Annie because she doesn’t seem stable and has changed her story several times after her arrival at the Gaol. It is much easier to believe George Herron, because his state of mind was never in question and after all, his entire memoir was published in a newspaper. The final letter that Annie writes to Sadie makes me believe that this is the true account of Simon’s death. Annie has no reason to lie to Sadie because she probably fells that Sadie will never actually receive the letter, making her feel safe in revealing the truth.

Dramatization of Isolation in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s `the Scarlet Letter’ Essay

Nathaniel Hawthorne in The Scarlet Letter emphasizes the theme of isolation throughout the whole novel. Using a variety of literary techniques and descriptions of emotions and nature, Hawthorne is able to fully depict the inner feelings of hurt suffered by the central characters as a result of severe loneliness and seclusion. The torturous of isolation, are experienced by the key figures, Hester Prynne, Arthur Dimmesdale, and Roger Chillingworth, each due to different situations and to various degrees. These characters undergo a journey, which separates them from society. Such a journey allows them to explore their needs and desires in an existential quest that ultimately allows them to recognize themselves as individuals. This journey follows a pattern of fall, renunciation, and redemption. The Scarlet Letter is primarily concerned with the thoughts and feelings of Hester Prynne. Hester, being an outcast of society, experiences the most evident and apparent form of isolation. As a symbol of sin, Hester is viewed by the strict Puritanical town as an outsider, a presence of evil, and, ultimately, one who is detested by God. The town’s harsh condemnation of Hester is revealed through a local woman’s comment, â€Å"†¦at the very least, they should have put the brand of hot iron on Hester Prynne’s forehead† (Hawthorne, 36). Although this dire attitude towards Hester does eventually improve, due to her many benevolent works for the poor, she never truly does escape the feelings of lonesomeness and segregation present in her life. This fact is further stressed by Hawthorne’s exclusion of all conversation and dialogues, a usage of context and form, in chapter five to demonstrate that Hester has absolutely no communication with the world beyond her occasional trips to town to receive and deliver embroidery orders, described as â€Å"dark and inscrutable.† The forest, in contrast, provides Hester with a secluded habitat in which she may seek truth and escape the glares of humanity, though all the while downhearted and alone. Isolated from the constraints imposed by living in such a stern culture through the public’s disdain and her own rejection of the local beliefs, Hawthorne’s protagonist experiences liberation from the shackles of the community’s austere approach to life. Hester Prynne contemplates new ideas, which would never have occurred to her were she not removed from the general populace by her fall. Hawthorne describes this emancipation writing, Alone, and hopeless of retrieving her position, even had she not scorned to consider it desirable, – she cast away the fragments of a broken chain. The world’s law was no law for her mind†¦. In her lonesome cottage, by the shore, thoughts visited her, such as dared to enter no other dwelling in New England. (Hawthorne, 151) This passage describes the effect of isolation on Hester. The â€Å" fragments of a broken chain’’ she casts off symbolize the confinement of New England’s puritanical ideology. The line â€Å" the world’s law was no law for her mind’’ illustrates her abandonment of this faith’s doctrines, which allows her experience thoughts that â€Å" dare to enter no other dwelling in New England.’’ The loneliness of Hester’s expulsion from society provides her with a freedom of intellect that cannot be found in culture governed by rigid belief system. However, it proves difficult to accept thoughts that challenge the convictions to which the scarlet letter’s bearer has been subject so long. The effect of Hester’s years spent separated from the influence of public’s beliefs and laws are clear: For years past she looked from this estranged point of view at human institutions, and whatever priests or legislators have established ; criticizing all with hardly more reverence than the Indian would feel for the clerical band, the judicial robe, the pillory , the gallows , the fireside, or the church. The tendency of her fate and fortunes had been to set her free. The scarlet letter was her passport into regions where other woman dared not tread. (Hawthorne, 183). She now freely condemns practices of the pillars of New England communities, challenging the church while renouncing the reverends’ decree of God’s will and magistrates’ laws. Hester freely chastises the entities which create structure and constraint in society. Like the native peoples, who hold no ties to Christian faith or laws, she does all this without remorse or doubt regarding her soul’s future. A more private and hidden feeling of isolation and alienation is conveyed through Arthur Dimmesdale. Unlike Hester, who has been thrown into a life of dejection by society, Dimmesdale inflicts this desolation upon himself. Dimmesdale, unable and unwilling to publicly reveal his sin, continues to be haunted by his own guilt, and consequently feels inner isolation towards humankind. Nonetheless, the entire town embraces Dimmesdale as a messenger of God and â€Å"a miracle of holiness† who should be greatly admired and respected. Paradoxically, Dimmesdale views himself as an evil fiend and punished himself with daily abuse and starvation. In the end, when Dimmesdale finally does release his guilt and shame, he succumbs to sickness and dies, feeling for the very first time, true happiness and peace. As the impious revenge-seeking villain of the novel, Roger Chillingworth undergoes the most concealed and obscure form of isolation. Not only is he physically separated from his companion, Hester, and the townspeople, who suspect evil intervention, but is also mentally detached from himself. To exhibit this transformation, Hawthorne expresses the character of Roger Chillingworth primarily through private contemplation; Chillingworth exposes his true self only through his thoughts. With exception to Hester, Chillingworth speaks to no other person about his plans or motives. Following his vow to uncover Hester’s secret lover, Chillingworth slowly begins to lose his true identity to the devil. Such pure wickedness causes Chillingworth to eventually withdraw from his prior life and isolate himself to live in a world, which through his eyes, only contains bitterness and hate. Although Hester, Dimmesdale, and Chillingworth all experience isolation, each endures a different aspect and to various extents. Hester is alienated from her fellow man and is completely cut off from a life of customariness and normality. On the other hand, Dimmesdale, essentially the town’s public figure, feels alone in the fact that he is the sole person, besides Hester, to really understand the true man within himself. This agonizing wound is so strong that it eventually takes his life. However, Chillingworth is the character that goes through the most harsh and excruciating form of torture. To surrender to evil and watch oneself gradually wither away due to one’s own choice is one of the most unbearable pains known to man. The agony of isolation that Hester and Dimmesdale go through, which directly extends to Chillingworth’s distress, is caused by the firm belief, by the town, that they are responsible for the extermination of all existing sin on earthy, though they themselves sin. In addition, Hawthorne explains that society, in judging people according to what they themselves believe to be proper and ethical is, appallingly to claim to be flawless and equal to the superiority of God himself. All these key figures, Hester Prynne, Arthur Dimmesdale, and Roger Chillingworth, undergo a spiritual journey in which a fall isolates them from society. This separation provides a new perspective on the group they were once a part of that causes the fallen to renounce the beliefs and practices of their contemporaries. As they distance themselves from the world, these characters cast off the shackles created by the influence of other’s people’s thoughts and ideologies. Release from these cons traints allows them to look critically at the society they have left behind and form their own opinions of where life should lead, rather than accepting the roles that others have placed upon them. Works Cited Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The Scarlet Letter. New York, NY: Bantam Books, 1986.Print. â€Å"Isolation in the Scarlet Letter† StudyMode.com. Web.06 Aug 2013. . â€Å"Isolation Through Symbolism in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter.† 123HelpMe.com. Web. 04 Aug 2013 SparkNotes Editors. â€Å"SparkNote on The Scarlet Letter.† SparkNotes.com. SparkNotes LLC. 2003. Web. 1 Aug. 2013.

Feminism Views Essays - Womens Rights, Free Essays, Term Papers

Feminism Views Essays - Womens Rights, Free Essays, Term Papers Feminism Views Feminism Views Women have always been a mans dependent. These two sexes have never shared the world in equality. Even in our day and age women are still heavily suppressed. I would have to say that things have certainly changed since the 1700s, 1800s, and early 1900s. Women today are progressing into the world with freedom. They have the power to be who they want to be and are no longer told who they should be. Women are getting better jobs, higher political status, and more importantly, a role in society to which they have no boundaries. Women are no longer stuck in the house. Instead they are providing for their families not only emotionally, but also financially. Today gender identity is becoming less important. This issue is central not only to public policy, but also too private relationships as well. We wouldnt be where we are today if it wasnt for the hard work and determination of people like Mary Wollstonecraft, John Stuart Mill, Emmiline Pankhurst, and Simone de Beauvoir. Most women are n o longer facing the hardships of the 1700s, 1800s, and early 1900s. With limited education, economic rights, or social respect, women were excluded of having a voice in society. As they grew older a womans intellect gave way to beauty and social graces. At this time the only way they could succeed in the world was by marriage. Women were thought as only existing for men. Men respected women, because they were their servants, made their clothes and food, and took care of their family. In their struggle for equal rights, women faced strong opposition. Opponents argued that feminist demands would threaten society by undermining marriage and family. The Government went to great lengths to suppress women by refusing them an education. Mock2 Keeping them in ignorance would subdue them. When feminism first began the only demands made by women were a better education and a respectful position in society. One of the first women to touch base on feminism was Mary Wollstonecraft. Mary first stated her opinion of feminism in her book, Vindiction of the Rights of Women. Mary was one of the few career women of that time. She made her living as a prolific writer. Mary wanted all women to have equal citizenship, economic independence, and most importantly an education. She believed that without these things women wouldnt survive. Her main argument was the simple principle of having an education. She argued that a woman would have no idea why she has to do the things she does or cooperate with societies laws without an education. Mary thought, and I agree, that education holds the key to achieving a sense of self-respect and anew self-image that would enable women to put their capacities to good use. One of the first men to take part in feminism was John Stuart Mill. He was a British philosopher and liberal. He believed that women should be able to vote and have access to an equal education as well as the professions. He stated that this equality wouldnt be just humane, it would have the advantage of doubling the mass of mental faculties available for the higher service of humanity. Which seemed like a reasonable idea, but it wasnt accepted. Mills interest in feminism greatened when he met Harriet Taylor, who herself was a feminist. Taylor helped him shape his ideas on the urgent need for reform in womens rights. In 1867, Mill, as Member of Parliament, proposed that suffrage be extended to women. He was rejected with a 194 to 74 vote. After being turned down, his persistence never stopped. He won a broader audience after he wrote, The Subjection Mock3 of Women. In that book, Mill argued that women should be able to participate in political life and should not be barred from the workforce. When womens suffrage began to reach its peak Emmeline Pankhurst came into play. She and her daughter Christabel formed the Womens Party. These women engaged in demonstrations, disrupted political meetings, and went to jail. If they went to jail they resorted to hunger strikes. Emmeline went through ten of those hunger strikes herself. They got so out of hand that they had to be force-fed.

Colin Ferguson and the Long Island Railroad Massacre

Colin Ferguson and the Long Island Railroad Massacre On Dec. 7, 1993, Colin Ferguson, a man long bothered by what he considered racism, boarded a Long Island commuter train and began shooting at the passengers with a pistol. The incident, known as the Long Island Railroad Massacre, resulted in six people killed and 19 injured. Background Ferguson was born on Jan. 14, 1958, in Kingston, Jamaica, to Von Herman and May Ferguson. Herman was the managing director for Hercules Agencies, a large pharmaceutical company. He was highly regarded and one of the most prominent businessmen in Jamaica. Colin and his four brothers enjoyed many of the privileges that come with wealth in a city where extreme poverty is common. He attended Calabar High School and, from all appearances, was a good student who participated in sports. At the time of his graduation in 1974, his grade average was in the top third of his class. Fergusons idyllic life came to an abrupt halt in 1978, when his father was killed in a car crash. His mother died from cancer not long afterward. Soon after both parents died, Ferguson had to cope with the loss of the family fortune. All the losses left him deeply disturbed. Move to the United States At 23, Ferguson decided to leave Kingston and move to the U.S. on a visitors visa, hoping for a fresh start and a good job on the East Coast. It didnt take long for his excitement to turn to frustration: The only jobs he could find were low-paying and menial, and he blamed racism in America. Three years after his arrival in the U.S., he met and married Audrey Warren, an American citizen of Jamaican descent who understood the cultural differences that affected her husbands ability to get along. She was patient and understanding when he lost his temper and went into rages, expressing his racial bigotry toward white people who he felt stood in his way. The couple moved to a home in Long Island, where he continued to rage about the mistreatment and disrespect he was shown by white Americans. He had been born to one of the top families in Kingston, and government and military luminaries had attended his fathers funeral. But in America, he felt he was treated as nothing. His hatred toward white people was deepening. Married bliss didnt last long for the couple. Warren found her new husband to be hostile and aggressive. They fought regularly and more than once the police were called to their home to break up a fight. Just two years into the marriage, Warren divorced Ferguson, stating differing social views as the reason. Ferguson was emotionally crushed by the divorce. He did clerical work for Ademco Security Group until Aug. 18, 1989, when he fell from a stool on the job, injuring his head, neck, and back and losing his job. He filed a complaint with the New York State Workers Compensation Board, which took years to come to a resolution. While he waited for their decision, he attended Nassau Community College. Disciplinary Problems at College He made the deans list three times but was forced to quit a class for disciplinary reasons after a teacher filed a complaint that Ferguson was overly aggressive toward him in class. That prompted him to transfer to Adelphi University in Garden City, New York, in 1990, majoring in business administration. Ferguson became very outspoken about black power and his dislike of whites. When he wasnt calling everyone around him a racist, he called out for violence and a revolution to overthrow white America. Ferguson alleged that a white woman at the library shouted racial epithets at him when he asked about a class assignment. An investigation found that no such incident had occurred. In another incident, Ferguson interrupted a faculty member giving a presentation about her trip to South Africa, allegedly shouting, We should be talking about the revolution in South Africa and how to get rid of the white people and Kill everybody white! After fellow students tried to calm him, he chanted, The black revolution will get you.   In June 1991, as a result of the incident, Ferguson was suspended from school. He was invited to reapply after satisfying his suspension, but he never returned. Brush With the Law In 1991 Ferguson moved to Brooklyn, where he was unemployed and rented a room in the Flatbush neighborhood. At the time it was a popular area for West Indian immigrants, and Ferguson moved right into the middle, but he kept to himself, rarely saying anything to his neighbors. In 1992 his ex-wife, who had not seen Ferguson since the divorce, filed a complaint against him, claiming he had pried open the trunk of her car. Anger was boiling up inside Ferguson, and he was nearing the breaking point. In February he was taking the subway when a woman attempted to sit in an empty seat beside him. She asked him to move over, and Ferguson began screaming at her, pressing his elbow and leg against her until the police intervened. He attempted to get away, calling out, Brothers, come help me! to African-Americans on the train. He was arrested and charged with harassment. Ferguson wrote letters to the police commissioner and the NYC Transit Authority, claiming the police had brutalized him and were vicious and racist. The claims were later dismissed after an investigation. Worker's Compensation Claim Settled It took three years for his workers compensation case against Ademco Security Group to be settled. He was awarded $26,250, which he found unsatisfactory. Stating that he was still suffering from pain, he met with a Manhattan attorney, Lauren Abramson, about filing another lawsuit. Abramson later said she asked a law clerk to join the meeting because she found Ferguson to be threatening and uncomfortable to be around. When the law firm rejected the case, Ferguson accused members of the firm of discrimination. During one phone call, he referenced a massacre in California. Many at the firm began locking their inner-office doors. Ferguson then tried to get the New York State Workers Compensation Board to reopen the case but was rejected. However, Ferguson was placed on a list of potentially dangerous people because of his aggressiveness. Fed up with New York City, Ferguson moved to California in April 1993. He applied for several jobs but was never hired. Gun Purchase That same month, he spent $400 on a Ruger P-89 9 mm pistol in Long Beach. He began carrying the gun inside a paper bag after he was mugged by two African-Americans. In May 1993, Ferguson moved back to New York City because, as he explained to a friend, he didnt like competing for jobs with immigrants and Hispanics. After he returned to New York, he seemed to be deteriorating quickly. Speaking in the third person, he went on rants about blacks striking down their pompous rulers and oppressors. He showered several times a day and chanted continuously about all the black people killing all the white people. Ferguson was asked to vacate his apartment by the end of the month. The Shooting On Dec. 7, Ferguson boarded a 5:33 p.m. Long Island commuter train leaving Pennsylvania Station for Hicksville. On his lap were his gun and 160 rounds of ammunition. As the train approached the Merillon Avenue Station, Ferguson stood up and methodically began firing at passengers on both sides, pulling the trigger about every half second and repeating Im going to get you. After emptying two 15-round magazines, he was reloading a third when passengers Michael OConnor, Kevin Blum, and Mark McEntee tackled him and pinned him down until police arrived. As Ferguson lay pinned to a seat, he said, Oh God, what did I do? What did I do? I deserve whatever I get. Six passengers died: Amy Federici, a 27-year-old corporate interior designer from MineolaJames Gorycki, a 51-year-old account executive from MineolaMi Kyung Kim, a 27-year-old New Hyde Park residentMaria Theresa Tumangan Magtoto, a 30-year-old lawyer from WestburyDennis McCarthy, a 52-year-old office manager from MineolaRichard Nettleton, a 24-year-old college student from Roslyn Heights 19 passengers were injured. The Note Police searching Ferguson found several scraps of notebook paper in his pockets bearing headlines such as reasons for this,  racism by Caucasians and Uncle Tom Negroes, and a scribbled reference to his February 1992 arrest that referred to the false allegations against me by the filthy Caucasian racist female on the #1 line. Also among the notes were the names and telephone numbers of the lieutenant governor, the attorney general, and the Manhattan law firm that Ferguson had threatened, whom he referred to as those corrupt black attorneys who not only refused to help me but tried to steal my car. Based on the notes, it appeared that Ferguson planned to delay the killings until he was beyond the New York City limit out of respect for outgoing Mayor David Dinkins and Police Commissioner Raymond W. Kelly. Ferguson was arraigned on Dec. 8, 1993. He remained silent  during the arraignment and refused to enter a plea. He was ordered held without bail. As he was escorted from the courthouse, a reporter asked him if he hated whites, to which Ferguson replied, Its a lie. Investigation, Trial, and Sentencing According to trial testimony, Ferguson suffered from extreme paranoia involving many races but mostly centering on the feeling that white people were out to get him. At some point, his paranoia had pushed him into devising a plan of revenge. To avoid embarrassing Mayor Dinkins, Ferguson had selected a commuter train headed to Nassau County. Once the train entered Nassau, Ferguson had begun shooting, selecting some white people to gun down and sparing others. The reasons for his selections were never made clear. After a circus-like trial in which Ferguson represented himself and rambled on, often repeating himself,  he was found guilty and sentenced to 315  years in prison. As of November 2018, he was in the Upstate Correctional Facility in Malone, New York. Source:The Long Island Railroad Massacre, AE American Justice

In what ways can the philosophy and practice of cultural proficiency Essay

In what ways can the philosophy and practice of cultural proficiency offer solutions to unequal health outcomes for Indigenous Australians - Essay Example They still struggle against discrimination in all areas including health and social care. Australia’s Aboriginal population teaches two contrasting truths: â€Å"the crucial significance of culture in people’s lives† (O’Hagan, 2001, p.93), and the cultural insensitivity among those in authority including health care professionals towards minority cultural groups. According to the RACP (2004), the inequality in health status of indigenous populations in Australia is directly related to systemic discrimination. Health inequalities can be corrected only by achieving fundamental changes in the dominant Australian population’s behavior towards Aboriginal people. Ensuring equality in the indigenous groups is vital for the improvement of their health. Thus, â€Å"racist treatment should be recognised as a social determinant of health† (Larson et al, 2007, p.322), leading to inequalities in well-being and protection from diseases. (CSDH, 2008). Together, the conditions of daily life and the structural determinants consisting of distribution of power, income, goods and services, and the consequent unfairness in access to basic amenities such as health care are the major reasons for health inequities among indigenous groups (CSDH, 2008). Appropriate and adequate provisions are required for health care. For example, Kildea et al (2010) state that poor maternal and infant health outcomes can be improved for indigenous populations through an intensive, coordinated strategy to close the gap between the requirement and the provision of facilities to fulfill the requirement. Further, there is a lack of sensitivity to the crucial cultural philosophies and practices of the indigenous groups, with attempts to compel them into the mainstream population, while depriving them of access to basic amenities. Since the health outcomes of the indigenous

Organizational error that caused the failure of the space shuttle Essay - 1

Organizational error that caused the failure of the space shuttle Challenger launch - Essay Example Vaughan argues that NASA managers did not break any rules unlike reported before rather abided by them a bit too strictly. She has pointed out that rather it were the rules that kept on getting more and more accommodative each time a mission was accomplished successfully. Thus rules expanded like a rubber band, enclosing more and more dangers which previously turned out to be false assumptions. It was NASA’s culture where something which has worked once was assumed to work every time. O-ring seals were not a new problem but the previous successful launches prepared the managers’ mind that it is an acceptable risk. She argues that rather than developing new paradigms for unexpected consequences, people change the paradigms to accommodate the consequence or discard them at all. According to her, the same happened in the case of O-ring erosion where the risk level was reduced as the risk did not turn out to be as grave as previously thought. However the reduction in gravit y did not mean that the risk cannot become grave once coupled with some other risks. The O-ring erosion, sub-optimal temperatures & unexpected wind shears, all risks were expected to be less than grave, in the original paradigms but people failed to develop new paradigm for the combination. She has agreed that Challenger’s Disaster was a normal accident (p. 415) & normal accident always happen because of failure to develop new paradigms in extremely complex organization.

Based on a business model, write a business plan Assignment

Based on a business model, write a business plan - Assignment Example Sydney has a very active nightlife but most bars located near the Harbour area are expensive and crowded, clients are frequently confronted with unpleasant strangers who have had too much to drink and noisily beeping poker machines. Sinner Party Company would provide their clients with the freedom to choose a private bar service at their own venue, a bar in premises provided by the company, bar supplies, a menu of their preference and even their own guest list, so client has absolutely nothing to worry about except having a good time. The unique offering of the company is that they are licensed to provide sales and service on a mobile basis across Sydney, thus Sinner Party Company can set up a shop at venues that do not hold a liquor license such as the client’s homes. The company would provide bar services for weddings, corporate or private parties. The company is a dedicated project of two enterprising state-licensed individuals who have had more than 10 years of experience in the industry, a team of professionally trained bar tenders, a dedicated creative team. From professional services, wide selection of menu items, themed parties, to exceptional decor and music SPC can customize any soiree to the needs of their client and give them a memorable event. The company requires financial assistance from bank (s) which would be payable over a period of 10 years as the business prospers. Table of Contents Business Plan 1 Sinner Party Company 1 Executive Summary 2 Table of Contents 2 1.Background 4 1.1.Mission Statement 4 1.2.Company History 4 1.3.Business Goals of the Firm 5 2.Marketing 6 2.1.Market Research 6 2.2.Market Analysis 6 2.3.Industry Trends 6 2.4.Seasonal Variations 7 2.5.Competition 8 3.SWOT Analysis 9 4.Marketing Mix 10 5.Operations and Production 12 5.1.Licensing Requirements for a business in Sydney 12 Certificate of Registration of a Club 12 Club Licence (Liquor) 12 Food Standards Code 12 APRA Licence - Recorded Music for Dance Use in Nightc lubs 12 Approval to Connect a Private Drain or Sewer with a Public Drain or Sewer 12 Approval to Dispose of Waste into a Public Sewer 12 Australian Business Number Registration (ABN) 12 Compliance Certificate 12 Employer Requirements - Superannuation Guarantee 12 Fair Work Information Statement 12 Final Fire Safety Certificate 12 National Business Name Registration 12 Notification of a Food Business 12 Occupation Certificate 12 5.2.Obtaining a Liquor license 12 5.3.Organizational Chart 13 5.4.Plant and Equipment 14 6.Financial Forecasting 15 6.1.Forecasting Profitability 15 6.2.Forecasting Assets, Financing Requirements and Cahs Flows 17 6.3.Labour Costs 20 7.Time Line for SPC 21 8.Life Cycle of Business 22 9.References 23 Appendix 25 1. Background Since colonisation the pub has been an integral part of the Australian culture, for both social and economic reasons (Kirkby, 1997). Kirkby (1997, p. 19) further writes that pub keeping had a central role in colonisation because it provid ed a place to stay, eat and socialize to travellers and outlying settlers, and eventually became the centres of towns and an essential part of European identity. Since 1990s there was a gradual liberalisation of pubs and nightclubs in Australia because: firstly the pub hours increased and second there was massive expansion in NSW and Victoria where the regulatory requirement of accompanying food with drinks was abandoned (Blocker et al., 2003). Sydney is the financial hub of Australia; it is the home to most major banks and multinational corporations

Colonization and domestic violence: Strategies

Colonization and domestic violence: Strategies The correlation between colonization and domestic violence is undeniable given the plethora of scholarly and historical data. The main misconception that exists in this area relates to the belief that the violent aspects of colonization and its associated abuse lay directly at the feet of Westerners or other outside cultures and influences. Domestic violence, in its many forms, is forced upon men, women and children from many sources including people in their own society. In addition to the definitions and correlations of colonization and domestic violence, this paper also discusses the colonization, social structure and abuse of Aboriginal Peoples including the Maori tribe of New Zealand, Native Americans, and the First Nation communities of Canada as well as the diseases thrust upon the colonists by the colonizers. Also examined are the relationships between modern abuse related to colonised cultures and its possible prevention. Domestic Violence The United States Justice Department’s Office on Violence Against Women provides a definition of the various types of domestic violence: We define domestic violence as a pattern of abusive behavior in any relationship that is used by one partner to gain or maintain power and control over another intimate partner. Domestic violence can be physical, sexual, emotional, economic, or psychological actions or threats of actions that influence another person. This includes any behaviors that intimidate, manipulate, humiliate, isolate, frighten, terrorize, coerce, threaten, blame, hurt, injure, or wound someone. (2014) The types of domestic abuse include physical, sexual, emotional, economic and psychological abuse. Domestic violence is not limited to any particular race, religion, gender, age, educational or socio-economic factors. For the purpose of this paper, domestic violence is categorized as violent behavior that has been inflicted on one culture by another since colonization took place. Oftentimes the victims are the colonists who are subjected to abuse in its various forms by the colonizers but eventually that abuse transfers into abuse between members of the oppressed culture. The reasons for the abuse may disappear but the behavior can last and even accelerate through future generations. Colonization The term colonization comes from the Latin for â€Å"to inhabit†. Colonisation most often refers to an outside group moving into a previously inhabited area. Ever since man learned to travel, he has desired to conquer new lands either by developing a profitable relationship with the indigenous peoples or, more commonly, by taking over the land and other resources through a threat of force or through direct violence. Colonisation can be beneficial if it is done with respect and cooperation of the inhabitants. Some regions, especially underdeveloped regions, may benefit significantly from colonization by an outside culture. These regions may experience in an increase in world knowledge, medical care, economic growth and more. There are instances however, that show the dark side of colonization and the domestic violence with which it has often been associated. History is filled with tales of forceful colonization despite the language used to describe it – exploration, emin ent domain, settlements. More often than not when a territory is colonised without the express permission of the colonists, violence ensues. The violence may come in the form of a direct attack or through cultural oppression. The colonists may be imprisoned, raped or beaten into submission. This form of abuse lasts much longer than the life span of the abuser and abused. It is carried into future generations through culture, belief systems and trauma, often causing particular cultures to be more prone to the violence committed against their ancestors or, worse, become the abusers. Correlation between Colonisation and Domestic Violence People intent on colonizing new lands or infiltrating existing cultures typically held the strict belief that their religion, politics, education and culture were far superior to that of the indigenous people therefore it was common practice for the new settlers to impart, often forcibly, their culture and belief systems on the indigenous peoples. As a result of this effort, the indigenous peoples were required to take on the characteristics and culture of the invaders, usually due to the threat of violence. Because indigenous people were often less educated than the invading population, they were seen – and treated – as an inferior society. This is not to say that the indigenous cultures were perfect before they were infiltrated by the colonizers. Each culture has its own unique set of beliefs and circumstances. The difference may be that there is limited, if any, knowledge or documentation on the culture of these peoples before they were colonised. Colonization and Patriarchy Patriarchy, the cultural practice of revering the male gender as the head of society, including the family structure, can be directly linked to colonization and the mistreatment of the female gender. Historically speaking, cultures with a patriarchal view held little regard for the female gender which often permitted substandard treatment of females. This treatment often led to various forms of domestic violence. A patriarchal belief system is common even in the modern world although great strides have been made to protect women and children from violent males often taught to be dominant by colonizing cultures. While the majority of the invading people held a patriarchal view, that is not without exception. Many indigenous cultures are matriarchal in nature, particularly the Native American and First Nation communities of Canada. The shift in leadership from matriarchal to patriarchal often caused women to be viewed as inferior as men were taught not to respect women as they once had. As a result, women in many cultures were viewed as little more than property allowing the male population to treat the women in any way they saw fit, including a cycle of domestic violence that would remain in place for generations. According to Kanuha (2002), there are several strategies for claiming superiority over another gender or culture. The first is to convince the colonists that their ways are superior. The second strategy is to create a delineation between the colonizers and the indigenous peoples through segregation including the separation of men and women. The third strategy of colonization is to use domestic violence to control the colonists. This may include any and all forms of physical, emotional, spiritual and psychological abuse. The fourth strategy is to take control of the colonists’ economic resources including natural resources. The fifth strategy is controlling the culture and limiting outside resources of knowledge and information. In some cultures they are permitted to see only media images of women that were created by men; images that often objectified women. Another form of control is to prohibit the use of native language and education as well as to deny the colonists the opportunity to decide or vote on their own futures. While patriarchy is undeniably tied to colonization, it must be mentioned that men also suffered from these same issues. While men may have been seen as dominant, the colonists were second to the colonizers and therefore often suffered from the same abuses as women. Colonisation and Disease One form of domestic violence is to deny one appropriate health care. During the colonization of many regions of the world, indigenous peoples were exposed to and infected to new diseases brought by the colonists yet were denied adequate care. In fact, many of the colonizers were often quarantined from the recently exposed natives to protect them from diseases they brought to the region. The belief was that the natives, unable to withstand any number of exotic pathogens, were biologically inferior. It was the development of world trade routes as well as the desire to conquer new lands that encouraged Europeans to cross borders into previously unexplored territories. As a result, they infected entire cultures with disease, namely tuberculosis and small pox, two diseases responsible for killing the majority of Americans and Europeans in the 18th and 19th centuries. Additionally, the colonizers tended to bring with them newly domesticated animals which added another level of potential disease to the natives. As the mortality rate of the colonists rose, the colonizers were able to increase their presence and domination over the remaining people and their lands. Colonisation of the Maori, Native Americans and the First Communities of Canada The Aboriginal tribes of the South Pacific, particularly the Maori, have a long and violent history of being colonised by Western Europeans. The Maori were once the colonisers of New Zealand, taking over the island through force and causing the genocide of the island’s indigenous peoples. The Maori began to trade with Europe in the 1700s, bartering fish and land for beads, cloth and other items. When potential invaders attempted to invade New Zealand, the Maori embraced violence and beheaded the infiltrators. They often participated in cannibalism rituals which led to a reputation of the Maori as being brutal savages. The shift toward colonisation began when missionaries arrived in New Zealand with the hope of converting the Maori to Christianity. The missionaries traded goods for land and built New Zealand’s first church. The Maori began to trade in muskets which created an arms race between New Zealand and its neighbors. Violence escalated. Although the Maori and the missionaries tended to remain separate, many Maori began to convert to Christianity. Relationships between Britain and the Maori strengthened. Britain wanted the Maori to pledge its allegiance to the throne in exchange for a guarantee that no one would attempt to rob the Maori of their lands. While many Maori refused to link themselves to the Queen, 46 chiefs signed the Treaty of Waitangi, hoping to end the violence. While the Maori as a whole did not willingly shift to British rule, the region began to thrive from the relationship. Eventually, the British established a new capital in Aukland and the country continued to thrive. The history of the Native American tribes is well documented in most school texts. Christopher Columbus believed he had discovered a shorter route to China when he landed in the Bahamas. Columbus, eager to prove that he was a superior explorer sought only three things in his travels – to educate people about God, to gain glory for his explorations, and to gain fame and fortune from the gold, spices and other resources the trip would provide. Due to these factors, Columbus’ arrival in the Bahamas was ill fated for its people. Columbus and his crew pillaged the land and were, in essence, responsible for the deaths of nearly 60,000 inhabitants of the islands over a period of the next 30 years. Upon arriving in America, Columbus discovered that there were people living on this new land. This contact encouraged other people to travel to the New World. The infiltration of Europeans was not welcome by many of the 160 native tribes. While some tribes were friendly with each other and with the Europeans, many were not. Wars ensued. A large percentage of Native Americans were wiped out by the arrival of small pox, diminishing its population by as much as 70%. As the colonisation of the Americas continued, the Europeans began to outnumber the â€Å"savages†, forcing them into more remote areas of the country. Violence continued to escalate between the Europeans and Native Americans. Although it was the Europeans that began the barbaric practice of scalping, the act was solely attributed to the Native Americans who often retaliated in kind. The reputation of the Native Americans as uncivilized savages grew and along with it, any respect for their culture all but vanished. The legacy of the First Nation of communities mirrors that of the Native Americans and, in fact, they are in some way of the same family as their lands were stolen in the name of capitalism and racism. Throughout 100 years of violence between the Europeans and native cultures, the natives continued to be pushed back until eventually the majority of tribes were relegated to reservations. The segregation and loss of their culture created a wider gap between the cultures. Missionaries continued to attempt to colonise the natives by preaching and introducing modern ways into their culture. Domestic violence between factions continued as women were abused, men were beaten and killed. Women and children were also sold into the slave trade as sexual objects. Prevention of Domestic Violence in Colonised Territories It has been stated that the abuse and objectification of indigenous peoples carries with it a dark stain that has permeated generations. In addition to carrying that sense of shame and continued chain of abuse, each individual in the culture also carries with him a sense of being inferior. This sense of inferiority and the legacy of abuse are two of the reasons that indigenous peoples tend to have a higher rate of abuse as well as suicide. The prevention of domestic violence in colonised territories, despite the location, begins with education. In modern society it is known that abuse in any form is morally and ethically wrong as well as being illegal. Still, incidents of abuse occur every day and perpetrators are often allowed to wander free while the abused suffer. Some domestic violence treatment programmes may give special consideration to the history of trauma suffered by a particular culture, particularly those that have been colonised and show a marked increase of substance abuse or number of psychological issues. One such programme, popular in the United States is the Duluth Model in which the abuser is treated based on his history of trauma, beliefs in victimization and power over the abused as well as the shame factor. The programme has been used in the education and court systems to decrease the percentage of abuse, particularly by men. Smith (2006) states: Researchers are beginning to confirm what common sense dictates: that violence between individuals, while influenced by social and cultural variables, is more parsimoniously explained by an examination of individual characteristics, contexts, and functions of behavior. Not surprisingly, empirical research is beginning to identify shame, individual stressors such as substance abuse and trauma history, and personality characteristics as main contributors to violent behavior in intimate relationships. Smith also intimates that while there are many programmes and models that claim to have the best recipe for preventing abuse, it is not clear if one has any superior efficacy. Smith asserts that domestic violence activists and agencies will see the most success when treating the individual ascribed to the abuse. Conclusion The correlation between colonisation and domestic violence has been proven through myriad scholarly articles, texts and studies. Research has shown that the oppression of the colonists by colonisers creates deep inner turmoil that must be expressed. Since the anger, indignation and shame usually cannot be expressed directly at the abuser, the victim may turn those feelings inward which may result in depression, substance abuse, and even suicide. However, some victims will take out those feelings on others that may be weaker than they. In this case, it is often women and children that may suffer from physical, emotional, psychological, financial and verbal abuse. While many social programmes exist to combat domestic violence, they are often not designed to address the underlying trauma of the victim or the abuser. When one culture has been oppressed by another, a sense of inferiority is instilled. The oppressor intends to take what it wants from the oppressed whether it is land, money or even its own women and children. The oppressor often uses whatever means necessary to achieve his goals and will subject the oppressed to various types of violence and abuse. The oppressor may begin to believe that the violence is justified and that belief, that victim or abusive mentality may remain and perhaps even escalate throughout future generations. As women are objectified due to their cultures and perhaps beaten or raped, they tend to believe that the behavior is â€Å"normal† or perhaps even earned. Combatting those emotions and putting an end to domestic violence among the colonised cultures goes much deeper than the formulation of any law or social programme, no matter how valid. The issue must be addressed at the deepest level – the level of one’s belief system. While many pro grammes may treat only the victim or the abuser, it is imperative that both sides of the conflict be dissected and examined. The history of one’s culture can shed light on personal behavior even if the history seems far removed. Learning one’s history as well as becoming educated on healthy forms of communication and interaction are the only ways in which domestic violence can be effectively addressed. Only then is it possible to perhaps not eradicate but at least lessen the occurrences of domestic violence in these and other cultures.

Dentist Career Essay -- miscellaneuos

Dentist Career Dentistry is a career in healthcare that works in the mouth. Dentists are trained to diagnose, prevent, and treat various problems associated with teeth and mouth tissue. It is the job of the dentist to be fully aware of different types of dental problems and be able to recognize those problems through analyzing x-rays, as well as visual variation between individual mouths. The primary focus of dental care is to teach prevention to its patients of how to prevent gum disease, tooth loss, etc. It is the job of the dentist to closely monitor the mouth using various instruments and to properly suggest treatment depending on the diagnosis. All dentists go through at least eight years of schooling after high school and earn a degree in general dentistry this consists of four years of undergraduate work as well as at least four years in dental school. In order to apply to a dental school a prospective student must take an entrance exam known as the Dental Admission Test or DAT. The acceptance process into dental school is highly selective and consists of many parts. Along with the DAT one must also submit an application with an essay and undergo a rigorous interview. Once accepted into a school an individual will receive a degree in general dentistry over the course of four years. Dental schools offer either a degree known as Doctor of Dental Surgery (DDS) or a degree known as Doctor of Dental Medicine (DMD). Each degree is equivalent to the other. An individu...