Rice brokerage firm

sift brokerage firmIntroduction and historical backgroundBrief description of proposed entrepreneurial shipThe venture into consideration is a sift brokerage firm which is a go providing firm regarding selling and get of sieve to and from different traders and sift plodding owners. This firm go away serve as a middleman and do non require investment in purchasing sift besides this firm will charge 0.5% armorial bearing from to each one misdirecter and seller for a single transaction. The above tell commission will be charged on account of providing browse to strain traders and strain hang around owners.Context of the organizationThe problem of sift brokerage firm lies in the service assiduity. The nature of sift brokerage firm is to facilitate great deal related to rice billet to search for buyers and sellers of rice. This firm is aimed at providing high hat level of service to the knobs man providing them value in each(prenominal) service they ar seeking for. there is a huge demand of rice in Pakistan and all almost the world, and Pakistan produces enough rice to meet domestic rice necessitate and is able to export as well. Rice is an essential part of Pakistani meals, thats why consumer preferences is still there and they ar ready to buy rice at prices that were never before. It is obvious that rice business and its industry will not end-up easily despite high rate of inflation. If domestic people eliminate rice from their lunch or dinner menu or switch to an separate commodity, the global demand will still be there because people around world like Basmati which is a product of Pakistan. This means that business of rice within Pakistan seems to be a still growing business with profitable opportunities for entrepreneurs.To concord a start-up in the rice business, becoming a rice broker is a good option because trade facilitator atomic number 18 always at the safest leap of any business with a minimum investment of PKR 10,000/- (in this case).Brief history of the industryService industry is always there since the in truth(prenominal) start of every business in any industry. My firm is alike in the service industry because this firm facilitates the clients trading in same commodity, which is rice, to get breeding and availability of rice in the securities industry. When rice mill owners frame the rice obtained from landlords in raw form to the finished product, it is then required to be supplied to wholesaler and other traders. To lessen the gap of communication and to ease the cater of rice to different ends of the chain brokerage firms are required. And, much(prenominal) services are demanded by legion(predicate) such like businesses to minimize overhead courts of different distribution channels.Information about economy and different trendsRice is vital cash civilize and is one of the major(ip) export items of Pakistan. It accounted for 5.9 percentage of value added sector and 1.3 percent of GDP in FY09. Pakistan grows ample quantity of rice to meet its domestic requirements and also export the high choice rice around the world. The production soared by a commendable 25 percent that helped Pakistan earn sizeable foreign turn revenue. Rice exports accounted for nearly 11.21 percent of total export receipts FY09 and growers have achieved a bumper production of rice (6.4 million tons) so far in this enclothe year. Rice harvest was significantly high than estimated domestic consumption of 2.5 million tons as growers were encouraged by higher rice price in international grocery store following imposition of ban on rice exports by competing countries.Current status of the rice brokerage firmsEvery year Pakistan produces a decent quantity of rice and it set ups to major part of our country exports. Taking into consideration this fact, there are more and more people interposeing into this business because this business can be started with an investment of less than PKR 10,000/- and it is within the reach of common man nowadays. Another reason for the still growing business of rice brokerage is that there are wonderful growth opportunities and diversification of business in the field of exporting commodities to different parts of the world and there are examples of such triumphful people too in the present market have started from a commission agent to a successful rice exporter and rice mill owners, and hence successful entrepreneurs. So, people found this business very much profitable and most of people are still entering into this business. get under ones skin of the serviceIt is reasonable to say here that everybody in rice business wants to purchase and sell rice at his/her doorstep and there is a affect to provide the service of brokerage firm to fulfill that need. Most of the times, it is difficult for rice mill owners to go into the market to search for buyers and it incurs a cost to that mill owners, so they prefer to contact b rokers like us to search for buyers because those brokers have already contacts of buyers and their requirement in the market accordingly. This approach saves time and cost of every person involved in this business from rice mill owners to buyers to exporters.In give to provide up-to-date information about market prices of rice to traders and mill owners and to ease the process of searching for buyers and sellers is surmised by me as a good opportunity to start a business with a much lesser investment and greater growth opportunities.List of services to be provided Up-to-date information about prices of rice to clients Quality check-up of rice being bought and interchange by client by randomly checking samples from the lot Making rice usable to clients at best pricesSWOT analysis of rice brokerage businessStrengths Low investment Easy to operate ROI is highWeaknesses Ease of entry High competition Low sustainability No consistencyOpportunities Diversification International trad e opportunitiesThreats Forward and reverse integration by major players in the industryEase of entry into the business and competitor analysis There is a lot of competition in rice trade business because there is no barriers to entry this business. There is tough competition among all players in this business who provide brokerage services to rice traders as this can be through by anyone who can just coordinate between his/her clients. The only thing that matters in this area is combine and relationship building. This can only be made stronger by providing credible services and delivering on promises you have made to your clients because this will be the only differentiating agent that will set you apart from the competitors.However, there is a lack of value added services in the offerings of current brokers in the market of rice business which creates a gap in the area of this business which can be filled by wise(p) entrepreneurs by putting creative destruction into get to. T his could be a challenging as well as risky task to stand out in competition in such business where most of the major players run their organization in typical seth-way, but when there is a risk there is an opportunity and if it is seen as an opportunity then an entrepreneur has done almost half of its work.MissionTo serve rice buyers and sellers through continuing efforts in bringing clients the very best which is available today and ease their process of prospecting. Providing them value in our services by satisfying their requirements of rice, meeting deadline of lead time, consulting them about changing business environment and placing emphasis on trading correctly and make money for clients.VisionTo become a leader in commodity brokerage firm business and earn devotion of our clientele composition by assisting them in becoming more successful in their commodity trading through continuous improvement in our services by innovation, professionalism and integration. care consid erationsPersonal expertiseStrengths Problem seeker/ proactive Experience Believe in black and white Leadership skills Communication skills Negotiator Ability to train fun oriented environment Straight forward Multi linguisticWeaknesses Cant wait Taking too much time in evaluating alternatives Do not socialize Straight forwardOrganizational designThe proposed design for the venture is organic because of the smaller size and continuously changing outside environment. This is so because the success of the business depends upon the person who is at front end with the client and that person should be given freedom to customize services according to clients needs act up with the challenges of uncertain external environment.Organizational farming Innovation and risk taking is very high and it will enable us to outperform others in the present market situation There will be a high degree of emphasis on attention to detail to get work perfectly done because a little mistake can lose out o ur credibility High degree of outcome orientation is entailed within organizations culture to achieve objectives, milestones and vision People orientation will be optimal because founder of this organization will be at front face from the very start of this business to build and carry on the node base Team orientation is highly appreciated to carry out operations smoothly A blend of cooperative and competitive strategies will be used to sustain and survive into the industry while embedding a bit of higher level of pugnacity within organizations culture Stability within the organization will be optimal will be taking into account innovation and progress in order to imply a proactive approachStaffing requirementsA lawyer will be hired on annual basis for filing gross revenue tax and income tax returns at the end of each fiscal year. Apart from this, a quality control checker will be use at a monthly salary of PKR 10,000/- whose responsibility will be to check quality of rice being bought and sold by our clients and to assure them for timely actors line of that quality of rice as demanded by the clients.Operational management issuesThe quality of services offered to the clients should be maintained to avoid any disappointment and shrinkage of customer base. Following dimensions of service quality are taken into consideration to maintain the consistency in our services Timeliness meeting deadlines of all clients Courtesy large clients a wow experience Consistency same and even better quality of service every time Convenience providing all services at clients doorstep Completeness taking feedback aft(prenominal) successful completion of each job Accuracy never making client unhappy by doing and providing non professional servicesInventory management methodsThere is no inventory management in the proposed venture because this venture provides no-goods services and do not invest in purchasing commodities, hence there is no inventory.Equipments requiredBasic equ ipments required for this venture are personal computer, printer, fax machine and telephone set.Marketing considerationsMarketing send offIn the commodity brokerage business, there is a high need of marketing to let people know that a new venture is open in this industry providing value added services other than the core activity of assisting and facilitating clients in buying and selling process of rice. The marketing of this firm focuses more on relationship building, communicating value and delivering on trustworthy promises to clients.Segmentation approachesDemographicIndustry typeThere are no barriers to entry in the rice industry because it is a commodity market which comes into the market every year with no limitations on purchasing and selling this commodity. It is a still growing industry and people are still coming into this industry to settle their business. There are very least government restrictions on this industry because rice contribute to major part of our countr y exports.Company sizeDue to fewer barriers to entry, everybody regardless of what capital s/he has in the pocket can enter in this industry and can trade rice. Based on this fact, there are too many variations in company size. There are firms which supply rice to small scale retailers and there are firms which are rice mill owners and large scale exporters. The company size may vary from PKR degree Celsius,000/- to PKR 100 million worth of firm.LocationAlmost all rice traders do their business in the area of New Chaali (behind I.I Chundrigarh road) and some of them are in Jodia Bazaar. Rice move are situated throughout the province of Sind but they fulfill the requirements of nearby areas. The rice mills in the area of Gharo and Hyderabad are major supplier of rice to Karachi. Most of the mill owners have offices in Karachi at the above said areas.Operating variablesTechnologyThere is no such technology employed as standard in the rice industry but different firms in this indust ry are using computer software to maintain their books of records, accounting, direction and other related activities. For a private limited company it is necessary to employ software to maintain operational and non-operational activities. For the rice mill owners, new mills are being set up with latest improved technology equipments/machinery to do rice processing in a more efficient and cost effective manner.Customer capabilitiesCustomer capabilities vary from customer to customer. The trade volume varies from 0.5 metric tons to tens of metric tons of rice.Purchasing approachesPurchasing department virtually large scale rice trading firms have separate purchasing department which have a huge annual disturbance as compared to others, while small scale traders do not have separate purchase department. Most of the firms in rice industry are seth owned and they run their business in a typical seth way. They are responsible for all buying and selling activities. However, accounting ac tivities are assigned to other employees but activities such as purchasing, negotiation, making payments and collecting payments are done by seth himself.Purchasing policiesAlmost all buyers purchase rice on credit, there are very few who purchase on cash. In Pakistan rice industry, rice buyers make payments to the suppliers/sellers within 30 days but on an sightly the credit period may extend to 45 days.Purchasing criteriaThere is no specific purchasing criterion for buying rice. Rice is being bought and sold in the market in a much simpler way, just make a phone call to a broker, s/he will posting guttle buyers requirements, the broker will arrange rice for the client and negotiate on payment terms and conditions with the buyer, receives advance amount of money to conform the deal, peg down the deal and supply the rice to buyers warehouse.Situational factorsUrgencyFor rice exporters, the concerned bank personnel, through which international letter of credit (ILOC) is opened an d maintained by importer academic term abroad, checks the quality of rice being exported to assure whether the quality of rice meets the requirements of the importer. If those quality controllers reject the rice for not meeting the required quality, then in order to avoid disappointed customers and delayed shipments exporters rush to the rice market and rice brokers to fulfill the order of the importer. At this instance, targeting such exporters who make mistakes in performing quality control check of rice may be profitable for rice brokerage venture.Size of orderIf rice market falls short of rice then every trader will buy rice to stock it and then sell at higher range to make more profits. This is very critical moment in the market and most of the traders want to take advantage of such opportunity, but such decision are based upon environmental scanning and quantity of rice exported versus domestic consumption and availability. In such scenario the size of order increases from n ormal orders that rice traders used to place for purchasing rice in normal situations.Personal characteristicBuyer-seller similarityThere are a lot of similar characteristics among the traders in the rice industry. A buyer wants to buy and a seller wants to sell and the business goes on. The basic similarity among them is that everybody has to agree upon a specific on going market rate.Attitude towards riskThere is no higher level of risk involved in the rice trade business because this is a commodity business. The rates of rice do displace on daily basis but not at a higher level. The major increase in rates of rice occurs due to higher exports local/domestic market fall short of rice. Risk is involved when rice is sold at credit and buyer becomes defaulter in making payments to the supplier/seller. All rice traders are aware of risks involved in this business but they believe that trust is the key driving factor of this business and they trust each other despite of having knowled ge of all risks involved.LoyaltyThere is no brand involved in the rice business to which loyalty can be associated. Business people in this industry are loyal to traders who are providing best services to their clients rather than just selling rice which can be done by providing value in their services.Target market selection strategyThe rice brokerage venture will conciliate full market coverage strategy to meet the needs of all traders of rice because no such customer group is identified in the market that do not want or need to buy or sell rice to run their business.Marketing mix strategiesService descriptionThe service to be provided by the proposed venture is to facilitate buyer and seller to look for each other, to fulfill their business needs of rice and making rice available for them at best prices so that they may run their business profitably. The service charges are 0.5% of the overall amount of the rice being bought and sold, which will be charged from each client for a single deal transaction. This venture also caters to the rice mill owners by helping them to look for potential buyers of their processed rice. The said venture will also provide its services to rice growers and so that farmers and landlords may sell rice to rice mill owners at best rates and after processing the rice will be passed on to different channels for furthering its supply into the market. According to product lifecycle, the rice brokerage business is at growth stage.PricingThe cost of service to be charged from clients is based on going-rate pricing strategy. This pricing strategy is chosen for this venture because all competitors in the rice brokerage service industry are charging same rate of commission from buyers and sellers, therefore premium pricing and other pricing strategies will not be feasible for this type of venture. The value that client will get after using our services will help us to build and maintain our clientele base through word of mouth marketing. At the initial stage, the most feasible pricing strategy will be going-rate pricing in order to survive and maximizing sales growth.PromotionAll the promotional strategies for this venture focus on partnering with clients, value added selling, consultative selling and building long term sustainable relationship with the clients. All advertising will be done by personal visits to buyers and sellers premises so that interpersonal relationships can be strengthened by personal selling.To make promotional activities strategies more effective, efficient and result oriented we will try to concentrate on customers, preparing ourselves for gathering information about competition, convince the clients about our services by providing guarantee and by delivering on the promises, offering benefits to the clients and handle objections of the clients by listening to them about our offered services which will help us to mould our services according to each client needs.PlaceOverall marketing strat egyNowadays, business persons have become smart enough to opt for forward and backward integration. Traders buying and selling at large scale do not necessarily engage a rice broker for their trading operations. In such scenario, creating a place in the industry and market place can be a challenging and diminutive task. To gain success, following strategies will be implemented for the business of rice brokerage business.Strategy 1Continuous visits to large and small scale rice traders for prospecting and give them information about advantages associated with services offered by a rice brokerage firm while providing them value in each service, cutting down costs in warehousing and storage of rice, making process of looking for buyers and sellers easy and enabling them to meet each business entity annual revenue targets and turnover goals.Strategy 2Creating a database of all existing and potential clients to keep individuals up-to-date record of all previous transactions, their feedb ack about services they have authoritative which will enable us to take corrective measures to further improve on strategy and level of service.TacticsRegularly monitoring and evaluating of current market activities and to take actions accordingly in order to survive in the challenging business environment.Legal considerations and business structureType of firmThe legal form of entrepreneural venture into consideration is sole propreitorship because there are no complex legal requirements of establishing a rice brokerage venture. At the very start of establishing such service providing venture, we need a high level of direct control over operations and processes of business to convince and satisfy our clients about our services.Terms and conditions Goods are delivered at owners risk Seller of rice isnot responsible for any kind of unpleasant event regarding delivery of rice to buyers destination 50% of service charges, which is commission in this case, will be charged at the rate o f 0.5% of trade amount from each party, and the rest will be paid by the parties after successful execution and completion of the deal. Transportation charges are to be borne by the buyer Payment agreement will be carried out according to coarse understanding of both parties The broker itself is not responsible for quality of rice not meeting buyers quality needs and requirements. However, we will try our level best to assure our clients about delivery of rice of reqired quality as decided at the time of finalizing the dealBuyoutA successful entrepreneur is the person who plans for a good profitable future and not forgetting to plan for coping up with challenges due to changing external environment. Therefore, in the worst case scenario if the propreitor end up doing business with heavy losses then it is easy to exit from this business by shutting down the firm. Despite increased effective tax rate, illimitable liability and difficulties in raising funds, sole propreitorship form of organization still seems to be feasible for this venture.Legal documentsThe basic legal documents for a sole propreitor venture are National Tax Number (NTN) Sales Tax Registration Number (STRN)Tax considerationsFinancial considerationsStartup costsSOURCES OF CAPITALOwners Investment (name and percent ownership) PKRRaj Kumar 100% ownership1,635,000 Total Investment1,635,000 STARTUP EXPENSESCapital Equipment List PKRFurniture (tables and chairs)15,000 Equipment (computer, printer, fax telephone) 18,650 Fixtures (fans and lighting) 7,000 Total Capital Equipment40,650 Location and Admin Expenses PKRRental15,000 Advance doctor 180,000 Telephone connection charges 600 Mobile phone 1,200 Stationary 2,580 Total Location and Admin Expenses199,380 Advertising and promotional ExpensesPKRAdvertising10,000 Travel/entertainment 10,000 Total Advertising/Promotional Expenses20,000 Reserve for Contingencies20,000 Working Capital SUMMARY STATEMENTSources of Capital PKROwners investments1,635,00 0 Total Source of Funds1,635,000 Startup Expenses PKRCapital equipment 40,650 Location/administration expenses 199,380 Advertising/promotional expenses 20,000 Contingency fund 20,000 Working capitalTotal Startup Expenses280,030

Cold War Causes and Effects

Cold War Causes and EffectsThe timing of the Cold War was decisive and one of the most diverse in the recent world history. Not only was it a war of diversity, but a war of great space that lasted about fifty years. What made this time so significant was that the whole world was involved in this war in some way. The world was give out into two opposite teams and one minor mistake could have easily resulted in another world war. The Cold War is different from most wars for the simpleton reason of it was a war that was never actually fought.The Cold War started because Europe lost power at the end of World War II. This go forth the Soviet fraternity and the linked States competing for economic and military rule. Both countries believed their policies were the best and ultimately wanted all others to follow. George Kennan coined the term containment to describe the appropriate American solution to dealing with the Union of Soviet collectivist Republics (Ojserkis, 2003 53). Conta inment was a way for the United States to stall the spread of communism and they utilize this as their main strategy. The United States used both economic and military tactics to ensure their security and influence policies against communism. The Cold War had relatively calm periods but also had periods of high tension. disrespect umpteen conflicts, there was never whatever military force directly amidst the Socialist and Capitalist. U.S. President Harry S. Truman developed the Truman Doctrine on run into 12, 1947. The policy stated that the U.S. would support Turkey and Greece to prevent their fall to communism. Several circumstances produced this unexpected presidential success in foreign affairs the denomination of a new Secretary of State Trumans own leadership-often erratic, but tough in responding to the large issues of foreign policy and national security and an economic crisis in Europe (Hammond, 1969 19).The marshall Plan was a program developed by the United States to help aid European Countries after World War II. George C. Marshall was the man with the plan and his efforts for world peace would later be honored by the Nobel Peace Prize. The Marshall plan was also offered to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, but they did not accept it. The United Nations had the role of stopping wars between different countries. The Marshall Plan helped better the lives of many state. As soon as Congress had authorized the Marshall Plan expenditures for the first year, the Administration, with the cooperation of the Republic leadership in the House and Senate foreign relations committees, began to lay the legislative groundwork for the northwest Atlantic Treaty (Hammond, 1969 26). The North Atlantic Treaty Organization, NATO, was created as a result of the Cold War and was designed as a defense tool against communism. Doubtless the Warsaw Pact, multilateral military alliance with a combined command structure, was largely what it appeared to be-a mi rror image of NATO (Hammond, 1969 57). Russia formed the Warsaw Pact as a comeback to the establishment of NATO. Our membership in NATO today is still necessary for peace among the nations.After World War II, the Soviet Union fortify its military power enough that it felt able to challenge the United States in Europe. One major crisis of the Cold War involved the Soviet Union blocking grounds to Berlin in attempt to allow Communist to start supplying fuel and food. The Soviet Union wanted control over the city of Berlin and they thought by cutting off all ground supplies they could do so. Little did they know, the United Kingdom and United States would respond with the Berlin Airlift to reach the people of West Berlin with the supplies they needed. Flights were continued daily for about a year and then the block finally ended. How the United States and their allies overcame the block and helped the people of Berlin would determine their destinies for many years to come. Although t he Berlin blockade undoubtedly increased Cold War tensions and helped foster the environment in which the American arms build-up would later develop, it did not, in itself, lead to any large and long-term strengthening of the U.S. military (Ojserkis, 2003 23). The Soviet Union collapsed in 1991. As a result of the collapse of the Communist, the Cold War ended. This is what finally gave the United States major military powers.A war without a fight is difficult to explain. That is what makes the Cold War so unique. This was an expensive war both sides took hard hits financially and it lasted over four decades. The Cold War probably could not have been avoided since there were too many differences between the United States and Russia. With so many controversies between the leaders it is hard to believe that anything could have been done to have made them see eye to eye.

Morrisons Marketing Strategy

Morrisons trade StrategyMorrisons is the biggest retailer and chain of superstores in the UK. Morrisons started it business long top in late eighteen century by William Morrisons having head branch at Bradford, England. Steadily it grew its business and operates almost 455 stores in the UK and is a part of stock(a) exchange of FTSE 100 Index. It is operating under Public Limited ships company label of WM Morrisons. It is a big dealer of food and has won many Awards for surmount food for its meat, bakeries, frozen foods and many other food items and daily household inevitably.Definition of tradeing merchandiseing is not about providing products or services it is essentially about providing changing benefits to the changing take and demands of the customer (P. Tailor 7/00)Marketing is a long process which requires particular skill to co-ordinate, plan the activities and fulfill plan for the success of carrying out trade campaign. This success comes from analyzing mart and f oodstuff research.Task 1. The role of selling in Company and how it helps contribute to business objectives. sight of MorrisonsDifferent and Better than Ever It c ars for the values of beting improvement always.Business objectives of MorrisonsTo maximize its revenue and realize by pointing on being intellectual nourishment SpecialistTO be the cheap provider of slap-ups and services to the customers.Role of Marketing in MorrisonsIn Morrisons, merchandise plays an of the essence(p) role in different contexts. Marketing has to deal different departments of the organization where it needs to bring improvements and changes. Role of marketing and sales be of great importance in marketing application. Direct and verifying marketing argon equally important to target the market for Morrisons. For the effective marketing role, Morrisons squirt take competitive advantage of modern technology which would bring corporate image and better turnover for Morrisons. With effective accompl ishment of marketing role, it would be able to fulfill its corporate objective of being first in retail business with profit and sale maximization.An Analysis of the External Factors influencing marketing in MorrisonsMarkets are highly vulnerable to foreign market that has great bend on the companies. Proper analysis of external factors affecting Morrisons must be seriously evaluated and managed. PESTLE analysis will help Morrisons to understand impact of these external factors.Political Factors- Rules and laws governing authorities fall under political factors. These authorities put forward laws for the limitations of the company. For Morrisons, political factors like policies and procedures for the business to carry its operations.Economic Factors- are all important factor relating to profit and money. Morrisons is centre on profit maximization wherein it has to take more than care of credit crunch and economic downfall. technological Factor-It relates to use of modern techno logy and techniques in use for production and sales. Prior concern for Morrisons is to make sure that it uses World Wide Web for its business strategies.environmental Factors- This factor has become top concern for the world collect to global warming issues. and so for Morrisons, it is important to make use of non polluting machines, technologies and techniques.Legal Factors- It is about issues and difficulties coping up with laws. Morrisons would like to handle legal affairs while planning its growth and expansion activities.Morrisons being in the retail sector faces many more problems collectable to effect of its external factors. (Bookrags.com, 2006)An explanation of how marketing is used to succeed business objectivesAchieving business objectives is possible by possible achieving four levels of objectives. Companies is able to achieve it goals and objectives when it analysis its external and internal factors and focus on the strategy and aims of corporate and marketing leve l.Corporate Objectives- The overall objective of a company in basis of its vision and goals for coming 5 years is known as corporate objective. Morrisons corporate objective for next five years would be increasing profit by 5% which can be significantly achieved by marketing activities.Marketing Strategies- Corporate objective is straight linked to marketing objectives which is designed by marketing department of the company. Marketing objective should go hand in hand with corporate objective which helps to achieve corporate goals ultimately.Marketing Strategies and tactics- Strategies on marketing expenditure and type of advertising activities, all should be linked back to corporate activities which help company to be successful.Whatever is marketing activities and strategies, it should be focused in the line of credit of companys ultimate goals achievement which is either to maximize profit or to be denounce touristed. Morrisons can achieve both together with marketing activit ies. (tutor2u.net.com, 2012)Elements of the marketing processThe different element included in the marketings Ps is product, legal injury, discover, promotion and impairment. These are also known as marketing ruffle up which rightly analyzed can bring profit to the organizations.Product- Expanding its customer nucleotide through acquisition of more customers is important to Morrisons. This can be done through ameliorate its existing product and introducing more products for raw demands. Sale is expected to improve with expansion of its product line. charge- Customers would always like to pay negotiable price for the products that has fill out in the market. Morrisons has always been ahead in offering goods at cheaper price than its competitors. Giving discounts, coupons and exceed reduced prices.Promotion- Numerous promotion techniques promoting the brand need to be adopted which promotes the product not only nationally as well as internationally. Promotional activities l ike deport and indirect marketing and advertising needs to be carried out by Morrisons. Promotion needs to be carried out intensively.Place- Right market for right customer is very important. Morrisons needs to understand right market for its product. It has to carry out research on market divider and distribution channels for its product. Finding right agents and franchisee internationally becomes a challenge for Morrisons.Morrisons focus on 4ps will help it to find new markets and right price from its right customers. (Antiessays.com, 2012)Task 2-Understanding the principles of marketing through detailed analysis of the marketing mix and constituentationMarketing Mix is an effective strategy for putting up right products and services at the competitive price at the right place in the market. Market segment is another tool that helps to put the product and services to the right targeted customers by segmenting them on the basis of their sample, style and needs.These both tools are considered to be top and effective tools in marketing due to its significance importance in marketing. This both strategies help to put products in the right market due to segmentation and stance. For marketing of product and for the best sale, right market for the product which can be done through communication which demands advertising.Market segmentation will help to target customers found on geographic, behavioral and psychographic segmentation. This division helps to catch the customer as per their needs and demands. Growth and expansion strategies of the business can be carried out with market segmentation tool.Morrisons has been performing well with its sales, expansion, and diversification and segmentation strategy so far. It just needs to explore more of its stores in international countries which really need diversification and segmentation. As it is a new market, product and market diversification are both essentially important. (scribd.com, 2012)An analysis of the positioning of Morrisons in the market in comparison with other supermarket chains.Positioning of Morrisons in the UK market is very strong due to its strong history and strong marketing strategies. The best thing about Morrisons is its price promise to offer goods and services at reasonable and comparatively lower price. In highly competitive and price war market. Morrisons has positioned itself on the top among the list of other superstores like Asda, Tesco and Sainsbury.Price Promise- It has launched guarantee work by Morrisonss Price Check where it claims to be cheapest superstore. If customer compares the price list with other stores customers find the products very cheaper and better.Thus when supermarkets were surveyed , it was noted that Morrisons was in the lead in its positioning in the market with compare to other superstores due to its price promise, loyalty schemes and various other promotional schemes. .(ceibs.edu.com, 2012)A review of Morrisons main market segments an d an explanation of how they have been segmented e.g. demographic, geographic.Review of Morrisons Main Market SegmentsMorrisons has already created a strong market in grocery and superstore segment where the products have become customer favorite. For few next coming years, Morrisons would like to coarsen the market segment of its non-food items into new geographical segments.Morrisons Online-Morrisons has covered huge market in the UK and operates it business with many superstores in various regions. It has showed good increase in revenue in each year. The company is still unless planning to increase its revenue stream through maximization of use of Morrisons online with its customers.After capturing good share of supermarket, Morrisons is further developing its strategy to maintain and increase its market geographically. (Morrisons Annual Report, 2011)Market segmentationMarket section is the tool that divides market into segment based on some divisional factors like geographic al, demographical, psychological and behavioral segmentation. This segment helps distribution and marketing departments to sell their products and services based upon its demands.Behavioral segmentation- This is based upon behavior, nature and attitude of customers. Morrisons has identified choice of its customers based upon customer database and surveys. It has identified purchasing behavior of its customers into Finer foods, healthy foods, traditional foods and thus have theorize new products range based on this.Psychological Segmentation- This segment focuses on the basic psychological needs of the customers which is based on lifestyles and motives of the customers. Morrisons customers are strongly associated to the brand due to Morrisonss ability to meet its customers requirement which demands cheaper prices and the best services. Morrisons has been proved very effective to deliver products that best suits customer lifestyles and fulfill their motives. Thus its has been succes sful with conflux its psychological segmentation.Demographic Segmentation- Its about focusing on more locations and market coverage. Morrisons has been strong holder in the UK market but has captured great share of market but it has to more focus on new places and countries which are unexplored but people will value its products and services.Morrisons has segmented its market quite systematically and need more focus on geographic segmentation so as to be strong leader in the market. (Joseph. 2010)An evaluation of the benefits of Morrisons of segmenting markets.1. Competitive position- Segmentation process helps to identify potential customers to its products. The company is able to derive competitive advantage because of positioning and segmentation. This can be done through proper direct and indirect advertising and marketing.2. Growth Opportunities- To attract new customers and retain older ones is the main objective of the business. Market can grow only if segmentation is right . Thus growth is possible only through finding right customers.3. Proper Allocation of Resources- Companys resources are very important and needs to be properly utilized. With segmentation, company would be able to save on its investment due to proper allocation of resources and less in wastage. It ultimately gives good returns on investment.Many more benefits can be derived from market segmentation and some of them are very much potential in achieving business objectives and goals. (Ries and Trot, 1972)Product distribution at Morrisons competent methods of marketing and distribution play an equal role in helping company to reach prime position. Many benefits can be derived if company is applying the best techniques to its distribution channel.Morrisons has introduced new transportation technique that aims at low carbon emissions and be eco-friendly. It has been actively working to have the best distribution technique which includes battery-operated vans for deliveries and supply e fficient transportation technologies that emit less of carbon in the environment.Analysis of pricing and promotional strategies at MorrisonsMorrisons Pricing StrategyMorrisons is very good at offering its customers products at very low and cheap prices comparatively and offer reduced prices offers. It has proved to be giving the best price by it Price check test and also the big price drop campaign which bring heavy reduction to the products for its customers .(dummies.com, 2012)Morrisons Promotional strategyThe biggest promotional technique of that Morrisons needs to bring in is its loyalty scheme club card which brings in great business o the company. The other promotional techniques are directly focuses on the customers which are voucher exchange, coupons at till, petrol promotions, advertising channels and offers on no food items. (dummies.com, 2012)Impact of current technology on marketing activityBusinesses are left far behind if they do not use modern techniques. Marketing wi thout modern technology cannot be effective due to its benefits and wide use among customers. Following sure some benefits of modern technology on marketing.1. With modern techniques businesses can bring great change in products marketing due to creativity.2. Bring brand awareness at global level due to world wide use.3. Develops online presence as almost all company are on new technologies like online and internet marketing.4. Online marketing has been cost effective with great benefits in term of revenue and sales.5. Modern methods offer various cost to advertise the products due to multi marketing method approach. (Marketingmethods.net 2012)Task 3. Developing Marketing Plan for a new range of products.Methods for researching different market for a new range of ready meals.Primary and secondary methods are the techniques to find new markets for ready meals. Primary technique is a method that will collect data on first in hand with new research and surveys whereas secondary data i s the one which is already tested and approved with results.Some techniques are-1. Data base from companies already selling ready meals.2. Direct Surveys and Questionnaires-This proves to be expensive and time consuming but gives right knowledge about customer choice.3. Desk Research-will help to further research on the product and would test the product and send samples in the market which will be reviewed. (Euromonitor.com, 2012)Strategic aims and objectives for the plan.Aims for ready meals marketing is very pinch and are as mentioned1. Aims at customers convenience and costs.2. Aims at providing better taste with new varieties of spices.3. Aims at time saving for students, singles and busy and occupied people.4. tooshie Market for Marketing activity and reason for choiceTarget market would be based upon market segmentation for customers.1. Singles, bachelors, working couples and busy occupied professionals.2. Market and customers that wish for trying new spices and are time sa vers.3. International students and people who wish to work hard and saves money by having ready meals with good taste and spices.Micro and /macro environmental factors affecting the planning-PESTLE analysis of ready meals will help to understand external factors that might affect planning.Political factors- wellness and hygiene factors is very important considerations. Policies regarding manufacturing and packing labeling for international level needs also to be taken into focus.Social Factors- Traditional foods are very popular in market, thus it is important to present nutritionary part of this ready meal for future focus. It should be like by household and working women.technical Factor- Ready meals needs to use new packing and labeling techniques with modern techniques so as to arrest safety and modern technology marketing will ensure good business.Marketing Mix for the ready mealsProduct- Ready meals newly introduced needs to be tested and reviewed by sampling distribution by checking spice level, nutritional elements and salt factor.Price- Customers expect new products with little reasonable and cheaper side on price part. With new products, price factor needs to be satisfied by the customers.Place- As targeted customers are placed in line, place would be promoting it to customers wishing to save time and costs.Promotion- New promotional strategy which adding it to existing product line of micro wave food and easy to cook food.With more effective strategy, Ready meal will prove a big success.Factors relevant to the nidation of the planAdvertising and marketing- For ever new product, it is me too scene when new product takes time to get along with other products wherein marketing and advertising activities plays an important role.Engagement- Customers need to be continuously engaged by means of samples distribution, promotional offers and coupons so as to keep product selling and bringing awareness.Monitoring- Customer see is essential to find out revi ew, suggestions and recommendations which will help to improve product and made better.ConclusionAll the companies are concentrating great on marketing activities and strategies as it is the only way to reach customers and bring awareness about the brand. Morrisonss has been a strong brand in the market from quite along time. But in competitive market and competitors like Asda and Morrisons, it is important to retain customers and focus on new through marketing strategies only.

PostTraumatic Stress Disorder and Vietnam Veterans Essay -- Vietnam Wa

The power of the human brain is a mystery of science. For example, while certain parts of the brain are well cognise to control certain bodily functions, the brains memory capacity is just now being discovered. Scientists believe that only a small fraction of the brain is really used, and its potential power is much greater than one may expect or believe. Its ability to view and store information is still not wholly understood by scientists today. This causes a special problem in the treatment certain mental illnesses such as Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, or posttraumatic stress disorder, is a reaction to a traumatic event in which death, serious injury, or the threat of either is present. The most common occurrence of this illness is among experients of war, and it is very common among those who served in Vietnam. Vietnam veterans who suffer from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and do not receive medical treatment are at a high risk of suicide and other horrible demises. They become despondent and hard to talk to. It is as if the sufferers of PTSD are in a different reality. The traumatic events play punt in their mind and they have a tough time relating with people. Louise Erdrich illustrates this in The Red Convertible. The short story is about two teenage Native American boys, Lyman and Henry, and the bond of their love for each other symbolized by a red convertible. One summer they buy a red convertible and travel crosswise North America. When they return home, the older of the two, Henry, gets drafted in the war and spends up to three years in Vietnam with several of them as a POW. When he comes back, the effects of PTSD are obvious, but medical treatment is unavailable to him on his reservat... ...ther kind of trauma related illness to its veterans, Vietnam raised true awareness of the disorder in the United States and around the world. The treatment or lack there of treatment Vietnam veteran s received, directly reflected the outcome of their lives. For those represented by Henry, who were impoverished minorities lacking proper feel for and medical help, the outcome was almost certainly death or at best a long battle with substance abuse or ones have mind. The aftermath of Vietnam showed the government how to treat its future veterans after their wartime experiences. It also caused them to rethink the level of causalities in future wars (Knox 112). Through the use of medicines, counseling, and a fairer distribution of veteran benefits, the next group of war veterans should have a better outlook to the future and the ability to lead productive postwar lives.

The Terrorist :: essays research papers

This book The Terrorist was written by Caroline B. Cooney and published by Scolastic Inc. in Toronto Ontario Canada.Laura is in high school and she had just locomote from Boston. At the beginning of the book, her brother died when a terrorists package bomb exploded and killed Billy. Laura and her family were heart-broken when they represent out the bad news. Laura becomes determined to do what ever she could to find out who killed Billy. One day, when Laura was questioning Mohammed, Jehran asked her if she would like to go to a sleep over. At first off Laura did non want to but she finally agreed. While she was at the sleep over, Jehran told her about a marriage that she would be forced into by her brother. She asked for Lauras aid to run away to the airport and take a plane to New York. After a while, Laura agreed. A week later, they went to the airport as planned, but they did not know that Jimmy was following them. Jimmy warned Lauras other friends that she was going to New York. While Laura was boarding the plane, she started getting suspicions about Jehran. Laura decided that Jehran should leave by herself on the plane and she should go home. Jehran didnt want to go by herself, so Laura confronted her and Laura prepare out that Jehran was the one who told the terrorists to kill Billy. Jehran was charged but was found innocent. Laura and her family moved back to Boston without Billy. Billy would be a part of them forever.Billy used to live in Boston but he moved to London England. He owned a Macaroni & Cheese business and he was financially secure. When he was getting off the train, a man handed him a package that his friend had dropped. Billy examined the box and realized that it was a bomb. He wrapped himself around the bomb and it blew up (so he died). Lauras (and Billys) parents were touching and were very upset. They had cared a lot about Billy, and so had Laura. Laura was miserable and she wanted to find out who killed Billy. One day, while La ura was questioning Mohammed, Jehran invited her to a sleep over. Jehran is a thin elegant girl who had long black hair. She was the one who had chosen Billy to be killed by the terrorists.

Psychological Damage Inflicted by the Residential School System Essay

First Nations children suffered many forms of abuse at the hands of the Canadian Government (Oh, Canada) under the guise of residential schools. The purposes of the residential schools were to remove First Nations children from the influence of their families and cultures, and to inter social class them into the dominant culture (The Residential School System). This was done under the assumption that First Nations culture was lesser, to kill the Indian in the child as it was commonly said. The children were forcibly disjunct from their families to live in year-round schools where they were taught white man curriculum, with a two-month vacation time, completely separated from their Aboriginal heritage and forbidden from speaking their own languages (The Residential School System). If these rules, along with many others, were broken the punishments were severe (Oh, Canada). Residential school survivors spoke of their horrible abuse during their time at the schools, including sexual, physical and psychological (The Psychological and Intergenerational Impacts of the Indian Residential School System). The students received an inferior education, usually only taught up to grade five, training them for manual labor jobs (The Residential School System). The residential school system undermined First Nations culture and disrupted families for generations, leaving severe psychological upon in not only the survivors but also their families and the following generations (The Psychological and Intergenerational Impacts of the Indian Residential School System). Many students grew up without experiencing a family life, never gaining the fancy and knowledge necessary to raise a family of their own. The effects of the schools were far reac... ...Jonathan Dewar, and Glen Lowry. Ottawa, Ont. Aboriginal Healing Foundation, 2012. Print.Oh, Canada Cultural Survival. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Mar. 2014.Brasfield, C. Residential school syndrome. BC Medical Journal. Vol 43(2), process20 01. Pp. 78-81Rita Flamand. Speaking My Truth Reflections on Reconciliation & Residential School.Ed. Shelagh Rogers, Mike DeGagn, Jonathan Dewar, and Glen Lowry. Ottawa, Ont. Aboriginal Healing Foundation, 2006. Print.The Psychological and Intergenerational Impacts of the IndianResidential School System. Indian Residential Schoolsmemorial Project. Anishinabek Nation, n.d. Web. 15 Mar. 2014.The Residential School System. Indigenous Foundations. N.p.,n.d. Web. 15 Mar. 2014.Walker, Julian. The Indian Residential Schools Truth andReconciliation Commission. Parliament of Canada. N.p., 11 Feb. 2009. Web. 16 Mar. 2014.

Ionic Bond :: essays research papers

When ionic solids dissolve, they divide to give their positive and negative ions that dupe up the solids. These ions become hyd pass judgments and hold up the same relative proportions when in solution and when solid. The more the solid dissolves, the more the ion&8217s concentration increases. This increase and build-up allows for the reverse reception to occur. In this phase of the chemical reaction the ions crystallise out in order for the reaction to have a greater chance of occurring. Eventually the rate of disintegration will equal the rate of crystallisation. This is the state of saturation. This can be recognised by a constant colour or constant mass.The solubility carrefour constant, Ksp is given in the following exampleKsp for AgCl is Ksp = AgClKsp for PbI2 isKsp = PbI2This gives the relationship between the ions in the saturated solution and is the maximal concentration possible without creating precipitation. In this lab, solutions of lead treat and green iodide will be mixed at a number of dilutions. The reactions will then be observed to see at which point a precipitate no long-lived occurs. Ksp will then be stated as a range of values at room temperature, and the precipitate tribulation tubes will be alter until the precipitate is dissolved so that Ksp may be observed and determined at different levels.In this try out versatile solutions of lead nitrate and potassium iodide were mixed at a number of different dilutions. done the observation of the amount &8211 or lack of precipitate make in each dilution, the mathematical relationship between the ions in a saturated dilution may be determined. This relationship is known as the solubility harvest-tide constant, or Ksp, and is defined as follows, &8220The Ksp for an ionic solid is given by the product of the concentrations of the ions, each raised to the power of the coefficients in the dissolving reaction. (Heath Chemistry). The Ksp expression gives the maximum possible concentra tion of ions in a saturated solution without causing precipitation. Based on the equation for this experiment we can conclude that the ksp expression for this experiment isKsp = PbI2The Ksp for lead iodide at 25oC is 8.5x10-9. Through the substitution of the values for each turn up tube, the trial product, or KSPtrial was obtained. A precipitate then formed in those test tubes who&8217s KSPtrial was greater than the Ksp, whereas if the KSPtrial was deliberate as being less than the Ksp, no precipitate formed.Ionic Bond essays research papers When ionic solids dissolve, they divide to give their positive and negative ions that make up the solids. These ions become hydrates and have the same relative proportions when in solution and when solid. The more the solid dissolves, the more the ion&8217s concentration increases. This increase and build-up allows for the reverse reaction to occur. In this phase of the reaction the ions crystallise out in order for the reaction to have a g reater chance of occurring. Eventually the rate of dissolving will equal the rate of crystallisation. This is the state of saturation. This can be recognised by a constant colour or constant mass.The solubility product constant, Ksp is given in the following exampleKsp for AgCl is Ksp = AgClKsp for PbI2 isKsp = PbI2This gives the relationship between the ions in the saturated solution and is the maximum concentration possible without creating precipitation. In this lab, solutions of lead nitrate and potassium iodide will be mixed at a number of dilutions. The reactions will then be observed to see at which point a precipitate no longer occurs. Ksp will then be stated as a range of values at room temperature, and the precipitate test tubes will be heated until the precipitate is dissolved so that Ksp may be observed and determined at different levels.In this experiment various solutions of lead nitrate and potassium iodide were mixed at a number of different dilutions. Through the ob servation of the amount &8211 or lack of precipitate formed in each dilution, the mathematical relationship between the ions in a saturated dilution may be determined. This relationship is known as the solubility product constant, or Ksp, and is defined as follows, &8220The Ksp for an ionic solid is given by the product of the concentrations of the ions, each raised to the power of the coefficients in the dissolving reaction. (Heath Chemistry). The Ksp expression gives the maximum possible concentration of ions in a saturated solution without causing precipitation. Based on the equation for this experiment we can conclude that the ksp expression for this experiment isKsp = PbI2The Ksp for lead iodide at 25oC is 8.5x10-9. Through the substitution of the values for each test tube, the trial product, or KSPtrial was obtained. A precipitate then formed in those test tubes who&8217s KSPtrial was greater than the Ksp, whereas if the KSPtrial was calculated as being less than the Ksp, no p recipitate formed.